IBhange Elikhulu LaseYurophu (i-ECB) lithathe isinqumo esiqinile. Encwadini ethunyelwe kubaphathi abakhulu bamabhange ayi-110 eliwaphethe ngqo, uSihlalo weBhodi Lokuphatha, uClaudia Buch, ufuna amabhange athumele uhlelo oluningiliziwe ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 31 ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ezivela kubuhlakani bokwenziwa (i-AI). Le ncwadi, echazwe njengenomsindo "ophuthumayo ngokungavamile", ibeka lo msebenzi "njengobaluleke kakhulu" futhi ibeka umthwalo wemfanelo ngqo ezinhlanganweni zokuphatha, hhayi nje emaqenjini obuchwepheshe.
Isizathu salokhu kuphuthuma akusikho okunye ngaphandle kokuvela kwamamodeli e-AI esizukulwane esilandelayo, njenge-Mythos, athuthukiswe yinkampani yase-US i-Anthropic. Ngokusho kukaBuch, lezi zinhlelo ziyakwazi ukubona ubuthakathaka besofthiwe ngesivinini esingakaze sibonwe, zicindezela isikhathi esiphakathi kokutholakala kokwephulwa kanye nokuxhashazwa kwayo kabanzi . Umphathi uxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu akuyona ingozi edlulayo, kodwa kunalokho "ushintsho lwesakhiwo endaweni yosongo."
Usongo lwe-Mythos kanye nempendulo ehlanganisiwe yezikhungo zaseYurophu
I-Anthropic yavuma ngo-Ephreli ukuthi iMythos inamakhono okuhlela athuthukile kangangokuthi inkampani yanquma ukunqabela ukukhishwa kwayo emphakathini jikelele. Iqembu elincane kuphela lezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe nezezimali, njenge-Amazon, i-Google, i-Microsoft, kanye ne-JPMorgan Chase, elinokufinyelela kule modeli ngeProject Glasswing. I-White House yaze yavimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo okwesikhashana yizakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe ngezizathu zokuphepha kwezwe , yize ukuvinjelwa kwasuswa ekuqaleni kukaJulayi ngenxa yokwanda kokuncintisana kwaseShayina, njengemodeli ye-Zhipu AI.
Kulesi simo, i-European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) inyuse ingozi yokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber okuhleliwe kusukela "ephezulu" kuya "enzima kakhulu." Esitatimendeni, umzimba uxwayisa ngokuthi amamodeli e-AI athuthukile kakhulu "anikeza izigebengu ze-cyber ithuba" ngokubavumela ukuthi bathole ubuthakathaka futhi benze ukuhlaselwa ngesivinini esikhulu, ubukhulu, kanye nobuchwepheshe . I-ESRB iphinde iphawule ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwabahlinzeki be-AI ngaphandle kwe-EU kushiya leli qembu livezwe ekuncikeni kwamasu kanye nezingozi zezwe, ngakho-ke linxusa impendulo ehlelekile ehilela amabhange, izinkampani zokuphepha, kanye nabathuthukisi besofthiwe.
Imigqa emithathu yokuzivikela kanye nezinsuku zokugcina eziqinile zamabhange
Incwadi ye-ECB ayisho ukuthi inzima kakhulu, kodwa iqokomisa izindawo ezintathu ezibalulekile amabhange okumele aziqinise. Eyokuqala "ukuphepha ngokuklama": ukuvimbela isofthiwe ukuthi ingabi nobuthakathaka kusukela ekuqaleni . Eyesibili ukulungisa noma yikuphi ubuthakathaka obuvela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngama-patches, kunciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokulungisa zibe yizinsuku, hhayi izinyanga. Eyesithathu ukuba nezivikelo eziqinile endaweni, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokuthola ukungena, izinqubo zokuhlukanisa izinhlelo ezithintekile, kanye nekhono lokubuyisela ngokushesha ukusebenza.
Amabhange abalulekile aseSpain, njengeSantander kanye ne-BBVA, kumele athumele izinhlelo zawo kuma-Joint Supervisory Teams (JSTs) ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 31, okushiya isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezine ukuklama, ukuvuma, nokubhala phansi amasu okuzodingeka aqinisekiswe ngamabhodi abaqondisi bawo. I-ECB inqume ukuhlehlisa ukuqoqwa kwaminyaka yonke kwe-Technology Risk Questionnaire kuze kube nguFebhuwari 2027 ukuze amabhange akwazi ukugxila ezintweni zawo kulokhu okubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphathi uxwayisa ngokuthi uzosebenzisa wonke amathuluzi anawo, okuhlanganisa izinhlawulo ezingaba khona noma izimali ezengeziwe, uma ethola ukuntuleka okukhulu.
UBuch uphinde waveza ukuthi obunye ubuchwepheshe obusha, njenge-quantum computing, buzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekuphepheni kwe-cyber, yize okwamanje kugxilwe ku-AI. "Nakuba lezi ntuthuko zingalethi izingozi ezintsha ngokuphelele, zikhulisa kakhulu isivinini kanye nesilinganiso ezisebenza ngaso ," kuxwayisa uSihlalo weBhodi Lokuphatha. Ngakho-ke, amabhange aseYurophu abhekene nenselele enkulu: ukuzivikela engcupheni eshintsha ngokushesha kuneminyango yawo yobuchwepheshe, ngokumelene newashi.