Isimo samakhadi esikweletu eSpain sizoshintsha kakhulu. Uhulumeni uvumile umthethosivivinywa owuhlaka ovimbela izikhungo zezimali ekukhipheni amakhadi noma ukwandisa imikhawulo yesikweletu ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile yekhasimende , umkhuba obewuvamile kuze kube manje futhi oye wadala izikhalazo eziningi kanye namacala.
Lolu shintsho, oluchaza iziqondiso zaseYurophu, luphinde lwethule umkhawulo wesikhashana we-APR ongu-22% emazingeni enzalo yesikweletu sabathengi , onomthelela othile kumakhadi esikweletu ajikelezayo, futhi lusungula izibopho ezintsha zokucaca ukuze kuvikelwe abathengi ekubolekeni ngokweqile. Lesi sinyathelo sifika ngesikhathi lapho isikweletu sabathengi sesifinyelele amazinga aphezulu amarekhodi.
Yiziphi izinguquko ngomthetho omusha?
Umbhalo, okhuthazwe yi-Ministry of Economy, ucacile: noma yikuphi ukunikezwa kwesikweletu okungazange kucelwe ngokucacile ngumthengi akuvunyelwe . Lokhu kufaka phakathi kokubili ukukhishwa kwamakhadi esikweletu avunyiwe kusengaphambili kanye nokwanda okuzenzakalelayo kwemigqa yesikweletu ekhona. IBhange laseSpain lase livele lixwayise ngokuthi lezi zinqumo ezizimele azisemthethweni, futhi manje umthetho ukwenza kube yimpoqo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mthetho usungula umkhawulo wesikhashana we-APR ongu-22% wesikweletu sabathengi , okuthinta ngqo amakhadi esikweletu ajikelezayo. Ngokusho kukaNgqongqoshe Wezomnotho, uCarlos Cuerpo, ikhadi elilodwa kwamane kuzomele libone amazinga alo enzalo encishisiwe. Isikweletu sabathengi sifinyelele ku-€114.000 billion ngoNovemba 2025, okumelela u-15% wesikweletu semindeni sonke.
Izindlela zokulwa nezikweletu eziningi ngokweqile
Lolu shintsho alugcini nje kumakhadi esikweletu. Luphinde lulawule izimali mboleko ezincane kanye nemali mboleko enenzalo ephezulu , ingxenye ethinta kakhulu labo abanemali engenayo ephansi. Izinguquko ezibalulekile zifaka: izinga lenzalo eliphezulu lanyanga zonke elingu-4%, imali yokuqala engeke idlule u-5% noma u-€30, kanye nesikhathi sokukhokha esincane sezitolimende ezintathu zalezi zimali mboleko.
Isikhathi sokulinda samahora angama-24 siyaqaliswa ngaphambi kokugunyaza izimali mboleko ezibiza kakhulu ukuvimbela izinqumo ezingahleliwe. Ukukhangiswa kwale mikhiqizo kumele kube sobala kakhulu, kudlulele ngale kokuheha ukutholakala kwezimali ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe izingozi zamakhadi esikweletu akhishwe ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwemali engenayo . Izinhlangano ezigunyaziwe futhi eziqondiswa yiBhange laseSpain kuphela ezizovunyelwa ukunikeza lolu hlobo lwezimali, okuzovala umnyango wabasebenzi abangalawulwa.
Umthelela kumakhadi esikweletu ajikelezayo
Amakhadi esikweletu ajikelezayo, avumela ukukhokha ngezitolimende, abe yisizinda sempikiswano ngenxa yezinga lawo lenzalo eliphezulu, elivame ukwedlula u-25% APR. INkantolo Ephakeme ikhiphe isinqumo ngokumelene nale mikhuba izikhathi eziningi , futhi uhulumeni unqume ukuthi ikhambi alinakuncika kuphela ezinkantolo. Ngomkhawulo omusha ka-22%, amaningi ala makhadi kuzodingeka alungise imigomo yawo.
Umthetho uphinde uvimbele ukunikeza isikweletu ngaphandle kwesicelo esicacile , ukuqeda umkhuba wokuthumela amakhadi avunyiwe kusengaphambili noma ukwandisa imikhawulo yesikweletu ngaphandle kwesaziso. IBhange laseSpain lase livele libonise ukuthi uma ikhasimende lidlula umkhawulo walo ngoba ibhange liwukhuphulile ngaphandle kokubonisana nalo, isikhungo kumele sithathe izindleko zalokho kuthenga futhi sivimbele ukukhwabanisa okungenzeka kwamakhadi esikweletu.
Izinketho zamakhadi wamahhala emakethe
Ngenkathi imithethonqubo emisha isacutshungulwa, imakethe yamakhadi esikweletu angenamali iyaqhubeka nokunikeza ezinye izindlela. Phakathi kwaziwa kakhulu yilawo avela ku-Revolut, Creditio, Plazo, kanye ne-WiZink , wonke angenawo umkhawulo wemali yonyaka kanye nesikweletu ongafinyelela ku-€6.000, kuye ngephrofayili yomfakisicelo. La makhadi akuvumela ukuthi uthole uxhaso lwezimali olungenanzalo kanye nezinzuzo zokufinyelela njengezinhlelo zamaphuzu noma imali ebuyisiwe, yize kuhlale kunconywa ukuthi ubuyekeze imigomo nemibandela.
Lolu shintsho luqhubekela ekuvunyelweni kokugcina, kanti kulindeleke ukuthi luqale ukusebenza ekupheleni kuka-2026. Okwamanje, abathengi bangahlola isimo samakhadi abo esikweletu ajikelezayo futhi, uma benenzalo ephezulu, baxhumane nebhange labo noma basebenzise i-simulator yeBhange laseSpain. Umthetho omusha uqinisa ukuvikelwa kwamakhasimende, kodwa ukuzivikela okungcono kakhulu kusalokhu kufundwa umbhalo omncane nokungamukeli imali mboleko engacelwanga.
