Namuhla, umhlalaphansi uyindaba egcina abantu abaningi bephapheme. Naphezu kwengxoxo ebanzi mayelana nokonga ikusasa, iqiniso liwukuthi eSpain, izinhlelo zokonga ezixhaswe yizinkampani azifinyeleli ingxenye yesine yabasebenzi . Lesi simo, esibonakala sengathi simi isikhathi eside cishe iminyaka eyishumi, siqokomisa iqiniso elingajabulisi: sithembele kakhulu ezimalini zomphakathi futhi asinawo lowo mgoqo wezezimali owengeziwe ovamile kwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane.
Akuyona nje indaba yokuntuleka kwezisebenzi kwesisusa; kunenethiwekhi yonke yezithiyo zomnotho namasiko ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinhlelo. Nakuba ukumbozwa kubanzi kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu, lapha sithola ukuthi iphesenti elincane kuphela labantu abasebenzayo linokusekelwa yinkampani ukuze longe imali yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, okuzogcina isikhathi eside kuholele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwekhwalithi yokuphila lapho kufika isikhathi sokuyeka ukusebenza.
Isithombe sezokuphepha komphakathi endaweni yokusebenza
Uma sibheka idatha yakamuva, sibona ukuthi isimo asilingani kuye ngomkhakha wenkampani. Umkhakha wezezimali, isibonelo, yiwona othatha isinyathelo kakhulu, njengoba izinkampani zawo ezingaphezu kuka-60% zinikeza lezi zinzuzo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezokuthutha kanye nezokuthuthwa kwempahla, lapho izinkampani ezingu-17% kuphela ezihlinzeka ngalolu hlobo lokonga kubasebenzi bazo. Lokhu kungafani kwenza kucace ukuthi akubona bonke abasebenzi abanamathuba afanayo okwengeza umhlalaphansi wabo wesikhathi esizayo kahulumeni.
Into exakile ukuthi, yize intshisekelo kule mikhiqizo ikhule kusukela kubhubhane, iqiniso elingokoqobo lisamile ku-27% wezinkampani. Kuyamangaza ukuthi, ngaphakathi kweqembu elinikeza izinhlelo, inkampani eyodwa kwezintathu inezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlelo zempesheni , ezivumelana namaphrofayili ahlukene abasebenzi bayo. Kodwa-ke, iningi labasebenzi baseSpain, umqondo wohlelo lwempesheni oluxhaswe ngumqashi uhlala uyinto ezwakala kahle kodwa engabonakali ezimweni zabo zokusebenza.
Ukuqhathaniswa neYurophu kanye nesisindo sabantu
Uma siziqhathanisa nomakhelwane bethu baseYurophu, umehluko uyamangalisa. ESpain, abantu abasebenzayo abangu-15% kuphela abanalolu hlobo lohlelo, kuyilapho isilinganiso saseYurophu singama-28% . Leli gebe lisibeka esimweni esibucayi, njengoba sithembele cishe kuphela empeshenini kahulumeni. Ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi, njengoba abantu asebekhulile bekhula, uhlelo lukahulumeni luzoqhubeka nokucindezeleka futhi izinga lokufaka esikhundleni somhlalaphansi lingancishiswa esikhathini esizayo.
Izilinganiso zika-2050 azikhuthazi neze. Ukusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi ezimpeshenini kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele cishe ku-17% we-GDP, okuyisibalo esiphezulu kakhulu esizodinga ukulungiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuthaza ukonga ngabaqashi akuyona nje umqondo omuhle, kodwa futhi kuyisidingo sokuvimbela igebe phakathi komholo wokugcina kanye nomhlalaphansi ekubeni yigebe. Njengamanje, izinkampani ezinikelayo zivame ukwabela, ngokwesilinganiso, u-3,6% wemiholo yabasebenzi kulezi zimali, inani elibhekwa njengendawo yokuqala enhle kodwa elanele uma iminikelo yenziwe sekwephuzile.
Izithiyo nezixazululo ezingaba khona zezinkampani
Abaphathi abaningi baveza ukuthi akukhona ukuthi abafuni ukusiza abasebenzi babo, kodwa kunalokho babhekana nezingqinamba ezinkulu. Inkinga enkulu ukuzibophezela kwezezimali kwesikhathi eside , okwesabisa amabhizinisi amaningi amancane naphakathi (ama-SME) ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezindleko zabasebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe ingxenye yabaholi bamabhizinisi bafuna ngokushesha izikhuthazo zentela ezingcono ukuze kube wusizo ukudala uhlelo lwempesheni oluhlelwe ngokwezifiso . Ngaphandle kokusekelwa okucacile okuvela kuhulumeni, akunakwenzeka ukuthi inani lezinkampani ezihlanganyelayo lizokhula kakhulu.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile yimfundo yezezimali. Kusekhona ukungazi okukhulu mayelana nendlela le mikhiqizo esebenza ngayo kanye nezinzuzo ezinikeza izinkampani kanye nabasebenzi. Ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengeziyinkimbinkimbi noma zabaphathi abaphezulu kuphela, kanti empeleni, ezingaphezu kuka-60% zalezi zinhlelo zihloselwe bonke abasebenzi . Ukuthuthukisa ukucaca nokuchaza ngokucacile izinzuzo zesinxephezelo esiguquguqukayo noma iminikelo exubile kungaba yinto yokugcina umkhakha okudingeka uyenze ukuze uqalise.
Ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwemodeli yethu yenhlalakahle kuncike ekhonweni lethu lokuhlanganisa lezi zinhlelo zokonga ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka emasikweni ethu okusebenza. Njengoba umbono wabantu ubonisa abantu abaningi asebethathe umhlalaphansi kunanini ngaphambili, ukuqinisa ukonga okwengeziwe ngokuqashwa kuba ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlalaphansi awumeleli ubunzima bezezimali, okuqinisekisa izizukulwane ezizayo inethi eqinile yokuphepha kwezezimali ngale kwesikhwama sikahulumeni.
