I-Official State Gazette yethule esinye sezimemezelo ezilindelwe kakhulu kulabo abalungiselela izivivinyo zokuncintisana emkhakheni wezomthetho eSpain. Lesi yisimemo esikhulu sokuqashwa komphakathi esihlinzeka ngezikhundla ezingama-700 zemisebenzi yezobulungiswa kanye neyokushushisa, okumelela umzamo wokuphatha ongakaze ubonwe ngaphambili wokugcina uhlelo lwezobulungiswa lwaseSpain, obelulokhu luzabalaza isikhathi esithile.
Lesi sibalo asiyona into encane, njengoba siphinda kathathu inani elinikezwe ngonyaka odlule futhi siphawula ingqophamlando uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhathi zokungasebenzi kahle, njengaphakathi kuka-2012 no-2016, lapho kwanikezwa khona izikhundla ezingu-350 kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu. Ngalesi sinyathelo, uhulumeni ufuna ukwenza isevisi ibe yesimanje futhi ayenze ifinyeleleke kalula emphakathini, eqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lobulungiswa aluyona into enkulu ehamba kancane njengoba ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala iyiyo, kodwa kunalokho luwumshini osebenza kahle futhi odijithali.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo ezingu-700 kanye nokufinyelela ngeshifti yesine
Uma sibheka imininingwane yombhalo osemthethweni, kulezo zikhala ezingu-700, iningi lazo liya kubafakizicelo abazimele. Ngokukhethekile, izikhundla ezingu-375 zizoba ngezamajaji kanti ezinye ezingu-200 zizoba ngezabashushisi. Leli yithuba elihle kakhulu kulabo asebefunde lolu daba iminyaka eminingi, njengoba isilinganiso sezikhundla ngomfakisicelo ngamunye sithuthuke kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka edlule, into engangabazeki ezokhuthaza labo ababesezoyeka.
Kodwa akupheleli kulabo abavela ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme. I-General Council of the Judiciary igcine amajaji angu-125 kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi umzila wesine. Lolu hlelo luwukuhlolwa okuncintisanayo okwenzelwe abameli abanekhono eliphezulu abanolwazi oluningi olutholakale eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi yokusebenza kobungcweti. Luyindlela yokuheha ithalente elinolwazi lwangaphambilini ngqo kubulungiswa, ukudlula inqubo yendabuko kodwa ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuqina kobuchwepheshe.
Ukuze ufanelekele noma yiziphi zalezi zikhundla, izidingo eziyisisekelo zihlala zifana, kodwa azibalulekile kangako. Abazongenela ukhetho kumele babe yizakhamizi zaseSpain futhi babe neziqu zeBachelor noma zeMasters kwezomthetho . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezikhundleni ezivulekile, ulwazi lomsebenzi wangaphambilini kulo mkhakha aludingeki, okuvumela abaphothule abasanda kuphothula abanesisusa esinamandla nezinkumbulo ezinhle ukuthola isikhundla ngqo.
Uhlelo lokukhulisa isakhiwo sohlelo lwezobulungiswa
Lokho okushicilelwe kwi-Official State Gazette (BOE) kumane nje kuyingcosana nje yenkinga, ngoba uHulumeni usevele uqedela ukwakhiwa kwezikhundla ezengeziwe ezingu-700 ezihlala njalo. Lolu hlelo, oluzovunyelwa ngokuphelele emasontweni azayo ngeRoyal Decree, luhlose ukwandisa inani labahluleli ngo-8,5% kanye nenani labashushisi ngo-7,1%. Lokhu kungukukhula okungakaze kubonwe emashumini eminyaka futhi kuphendula isidingo sangempela ezinkantolo kulo lonke elaseSpain, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamacala amaningi kanye nenani elikhulu labantu.
Lokhu kwanda kungenzeka ngenxa yoMthetho omusha Wokusebenza Kahle Kwenkonzo Yobulungiswa Bomphakathi, oshintsha kakhulu indlela izinkantolo ezihlelwe ngayo. Uhlelo luwukuqeda imodeli yenkantolo yamajaji elilodwa yekhulu le-19 bese luyishintsha ngezinkantolo ezintsha zokuqala . Lezi yizinhlangano zasekolishi lapho amajaji amaningana abelana khona ngeHhovisi Lobulungiswa elilodwa elisekelayo, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okungcono kakhulu kwesikhathi nezinsiza zomphakathi ngaphandle kokudala isakhiwo esisha njalo lapho kwakhiwa isikhundla.
Ngokombono wabakhokhi bentela, le modeli entsha iyisu elihle kakhulu. Nakuba ukusungulwa kwenkantolo yendabuko ngaphambilini kwakubiza kakhulu (cishe ama-€500.000), manje ukudala isikhundla sokwahlulela ngaphansi kwalolu hlaka lwenhlangano konga ama-€400.000 ngesikhundla ngasinye. Ngale ndlela, imali iya phambili, futhi ochwepheshe abaningi bangaqashwa ukuze amacala angaqoqi uthuli emashalofini.
Ikhalenda, izivivinyo kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabahluleli besikhathi esizayo
Uma ucabanga ukufaka isicelo, khipha ikhalenda lakho ngoba isivivinyo sokuqala esikhulu siseduze. Ngokwezinhlelo zamanje, isivivinyo sokuqala sokukhetha okuningi sizoba ngeSonto , mhla zingama-25 kuMfumfu kulo nyaka. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, inqubo izoqhubeka phakathi nonyaka ka-2027 ngezivivinyo zomlomo, okuyinselele yangempela yalesi sivivinyo sokuncintisana, lapho kufanele usho khona izihloko phambi kwephaneli elingaphuthelwa yilutho.
Uma sebephumelele ukuhlolwa kokuncintisana, uhambo alupheli lapho. Abahluleli nabashushisi besikhathi esizayo kuzodingeka badlule isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Abanye bazoya eSikoleni Sobulungiswa eBarcelona , ​​​​kanye nabanye iSikhungo Sezifundo Zezomthetho, ukuze bafunde izici ezisebenzayo zalo msebenzi, ngale nje kokubamba ngekhanda imithetho. Umgomo uwukuba bonke laba basebenzi abasha babe sezikhundleni zabo zaphakade ngo-2028, beqinisa uhlelo lwezobulungiswa kulo lonke izwe.
Izinhlangano zezobulungiswa, njenge-Independent Judicial Forum, ziyakwamukela lokhu kwanda kwezivulo, yize zixwayisa ngokunganaki. Zithi nakuba kumelela isinyathelo esibalulekile somlando, lezi zikhundla kumele ziqhubeke nokunikezwa njalo ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo osindayo futhi zimboze umhlalaphansi ozayo . Phela, imithetho yanamuhla ayisebenzi uma kungekho bantu abanele ukuyisebenzisa ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo kubo bonke izakhamuzi.
Lokhu kuzibophezela okukhulu ekuqashweni komphakathi emkhakheni wezomthetho kuhlose ukuhlanganisa ushintsho oluphelele lwesistimu , kusuka esakhiweni esihamba kancane, esifana nesakhi se-analog kuya kunethiwekhi yedijithali eshesha kakhulu nesebenza kahle. Njengoba lezi zikhundla ezingu-700 sezivele zikhona kanye nesithembiso sabanye abaningi esiseduze, iSpain ilungiselela ukuba nabasebenzi bezomthetho abaqinile kakhulu emlandweni wayo wakamuva, into ezothinta ngqo amacala, iqinisekise ukuthi awasheshi iminyaka nokuthi umuzwa wobulungiswa ungokoqobo futhi uyasebenza kuwo wonke umuntu.