I-oda elisha lomnikelo we-Social Security lisho ushintsho olukhulu kubantu abangaphezu kwesigidi. abasebenzi bezinkampani abazisebenzayo kanye namalungu omndeni abambisanayo ESpain. Kusukela ngo-2026, isisekelo esincane seminikelo yala maqembu sizoba phezulu kakhulu kunango-2025, okuzoholela ekukhuleni okuphawulekayo kweminikelo yawo, yize angase aqhubeke nokukhokha inani elifanayo okwesikhashana kulo nyaka.
Ngenkathi izimali zabanye abantu abazisebenzayo zine igcinwe iqandisiweUhulumeni usebenzise imithetho yokuguqulwa kuka-2022 kohlelo lomnikelo wezokuphepha komphakathi olusekelwe emalini engenayo yangempela yabaqondisi bezinkampani, abalingani, kanye nabasebenzi abazisebenzelayo abangenayo imali engenayo. Lesi sinqumo sidale ukunganeliseki okukhulu phakathi kwezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezinhlangano ezizisebenzelayo kanye nezamabhizinisi, ezikhuluma ngokwanda "okungalingani" kanye nokwehla kokuphathwa okulinganayo ngaphakathi kweqembu.
Ukwenyuka okungu-42% kwesisekelo esincane: kusuka kuma-euro ayi-1.000 kuya ku-1.424,4
Isici esisha esiyinhloko ukuthi isisekelo esincane somnikelo we- abanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzayo kanye nabalingani bomndeni Ikhula ngaphezu kuka-42%, kusukela kuma-euro ayi-1.000 ngenyanga abekwe ngo-2025 kuya kuma-euro ayi-1.424,4 ngo-2026. Le mali entsha ifakiwe ku-oda lomnikelo walo nyaka, elisanda kushicilelwa ku-Official State Gazette (BOE).
Lokhu kwanda kusho ukuthi iningi lalaba basebenzi abazisebenzayo, ababenikela ngesilinganiso esincane kuze kube manje, bazobona ukuthi Umnikelo Wezokuphepha Komphakathi okuhambisana naleso sisekelo, kuba kubi kakhulu cishe Ama-135 euros ngenyangaLokhu kulingana cishe no-€1.620 ngaphezulu ngonyaka. Empeleni, imali encane yanyanga zonke izokhuphuka isuka ku-€300-€315 iye cishe ku-€435 ngenyanga kulabo abasele ohlelweni oluphansi, okwamanje olubekwe ku-€1.424,4.
Lesi silinganiso sisebenza ngokuvamile kubantu abangaphezu kwesigidi, okuhlanganisa abangaphezu kuka-800.000. abasebenzi bezinkampani abazisebenzayo kanye namalungu omndeni aphakathi kuka-400.000 no-700.000 anikelayo, ngokusho kwezilinganiso ezahlukahlukene ezivela ezinhlanganweni zezimboni. Kodwa-ke, umthelela wangempela uzogxila kulabo abanikela ngempela ngesilinganiso esincane, okulinganiselwa ukuthi bangamakhulu ezinkulungwane athintekile.
Kulabo asebevele benikela ngokusekelwe emalini engenayo engaphezu kwe-€1.000, ukulungiswa kuzoba kuncane. Isibonelo, umnikazi webhizinisi ozisebenzelayo noma osebenzisana naye onesisekelo samanje somnikelo esingu-€1.212 kuzodingeka amukele umehluko ongaphansi kancane kwe-€1,212. Ama-euro angu-70 engeziwe ngenyangaOkusho ukuthi, cishe ama-euro angu-840 ngaphezulu ngonyaka lapho kwenziwa ukuhleleka kokugcina.
Intengo entsha eyisisekelo yama-euro ayi-1.424,4 ibekwe ngokuhambisana neye- Iqembu lesi-7 leSikimu Esijwayelekile wezokuPhepha koMphakathi, ophendula ngqo ezibikezelweni zokuguqulwa kohlelo lomnikelo wemali engenayo yangempela ka-2022, obesevele ucabangele leli lungiselelo kusukela ngo-2026 kuqhubeke.
Ukuqoqwa kwesikhashana ngo-2026 kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha okulandelayo
Naphezu koshintsho lwemithetho, i-Social Security ivumela, ngokwesikhashana, abanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzelayo kanye nabalingani bomndeni ukuthi baqhubeke nokusebenza phakathi no-2026. ukucaphuna ngesisekelo sama-euro ayi-1.000 kanye nokukhokha imali efanayo ababenayo ngo-2025. Lolu khetho lwesikhashana luye lwaphakanyiswa njengohlobo lwe-buffer ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kodwa aluwususi umphumela wokwanda.
Isihluthulelo sisekulungisweni okulandelayo kweminikelo. Endabeni yonyaka wentela ka-2026, le nqubo yokulungisa izokwenzeka phakathi kokuphela kuka-2027 nokuqala kuka-2028, ngokusho kwezibikezelo zoMnyango Wezokubandakanya, Ezokuphepha Komphakathi kanye Nokufuduka. Ngaleso sikhathi, labo abangakalungisi isisekelo sabo seminikelo sibe yi-€1.424,4 kuzodingeka khokha umehluko oqoqiwe phakathi kwemali ekhokhiwe ngempela (ama-euro ayi-1.000 ngenyanga) kanye nesisekelo esincane esihambisana nabo unyaka wonke.
Empeleni, le ndlela isho ukuthi abaningi balabo abathintekile bangathola imali "eqandisiwe" kulo nyaka, kodwa bazogcina bebhekene nenkokhelo eyengeziwe kamuva. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zichaze lesi sinyathelo ngokuthi "isisombululo sesikhashana esizoholela ezinkingeni zesikhathi eside," zithi simane nje sihlehlisa umthwalo wezezimali.
Imithombo Yezokuphepha Komphakathi iveza, nokho, ukuthi kukhona indawo yokuzivumelanisa nezimo, njengoba abantu abazisebenzayo bengakwazi shintsha isisekelo sakho somnikelo phakathi nonyaka uma bebona kufanele. Kodwa-ke, labo abakhetha ukugcina isisekelo esingezansi kuzodingeka bamukele ukulungiswa kokuhleleka, okuzosetshenziswa emuva kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2026.
Umklamo walokhu kulungiswa kwezimali uwela ngaphansi kohlelo olusha lwemali engenayo yangempela, oluvele luhlanganisa inqubo yokubuyekezwa yonyaka yokulungisa iminikelo kwimali engenayo emenyezelwe. Endabeni yabaqondisi benkampani kanye nabalingani, isibopho sokuthobela lokhu manje sesengeziwe. isisekelo esilinganiselwe esincane kuHulumeni Ojwayelekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sabo somuntu ngamunye siyini.
Lokhu kwanda kuhambisana kanjani noguquko luka-2022?
UMnyango oholwa ngu-Elma Saiz ugcizelela ukuthi ukwenyuka kwesisekelo esincane seminikelo yabanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzayo kanye nabalingani bomndeni akusona isinqumo esenziwe ngokungemthetho, kodwa ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwalokho okwavunyelwana ngakho ku- Ukuguqulwa kohlelo lokuzimela ngo-2022Lokho kuguqulwa kwavunyelwana ngakho nezinhlangano ezizimele eziyinhloko, izinhlangano zabaqashi kanye nezinyunyana zabasebenzi, futhi kwaphasiswa ePhalamende ngeningi elikhulu.
Ngokukhethekile, kokubili uMthetho Womthetho Wasebukhosini owabumba uhlelo olusha lweminikelo olusekelwe emalini engenayo yangempela kanye nomthetho ngokwawo Umthetho Ojwayelekile Wokuvikeleka Komphakathi Bathi, kusukela ngo-2026 kuqhubeke, isisekelo seminikelo yabanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzayo, abalingani, kanye nalabo abangamemezeli imali engenayo asinakuba ngaphansi kwesisekelo esincane se-General Regime. Iqembu elibhekisela kulokhu kulinganiswa yiqembu lesi-7, lapho inani elisha lama-euro angu-1.424,4 selilungisiwe khona manje.
I-Social Security Administration igcizelela ukuthi akekho owayeke wangabaza lesi sigaba somthetho nokuthi lesi sinyathelo “siyahambisana nokuvela kohlelo.” Bathi inhloso eyisisekelo ukuqinisa umnikelo wala maqembu ohlelweni lokuvikelwa komphakathi, okwandisa ukuqonda kwemali engenayo yangempela nakulabo abanikela njengamalungu enkampani noma ababambisene nomndeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMnyango uphikisana ngokuthi lokhu kwanda kwesisekelo seminikelo encane kuzohumusha esikhathini esizayo kube ukusebenza okuphezulu Kulabo abathintekile, lokhu kusebenza kokubili ezimpeshenini nakwezinye izinzuzo zokuphepha komphakathi. Ngokuphakamisa izisekelo lapho lezi zinzuzo zibalelwa khona, umphumela wokugcina kufanele ube yizinga eliphezulu lokuvikelwa, into uhulumeni ayiveza njengokuqinisa amalungelo.
Kodwa-ke, imithetho efanayo eyasungula lokhu kulingana yanikeza nendlela ehamba kancane kancane ukulungiswa kwamathebula okucaphuna Kwabanye abazisebenzayo, lolu hlelo bekufanele luqaliswe phakathi kuka-2026 no-2031 ngezigaba eziningana. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesivumelwano nezinhlangano ezizisebenzelayo kanye nokungabikho kweSabelomali Esijwayelekile Sikahulumeni esisha, uhulumeni unqume ukumisa lokhu kuqaliswa kweningi leqembu, kodwa uqhubeke nengxenye ethinta abaqondisi bezinkampani kanye nabalingani, okuye kwavuselela umbono wokuphathwa okungalingani.
Ukuvalwa kweminikelo yezokuphepha komphakathi kwabasebenzi abaningi abazisebenzayo kanye nokungafani kwabanikazi bezinkampani
Esinye sezici ezidale impikiswano enkulu ukuthi, ngenkathi inketho ekhethiwe ibilokhu yandisa izabelo zika-2025 Kwabaningi abasebenzi abazisebenzelayo, isivikelo esifanayo asizange sidluliselwe kubaqondisi bezinkampani kanye namalungu omndeni abasebenza ebhizinisini. Uhulumeni wayememezele ukuthi uzogcina amazinga omnikelo wamanje ka-2026 ngemuva kokuthi imizamo yokuvumelana ngendlela entsha yomnikelo yehlulekile, kodwa umbhalo omncane we-oda lomnikelo ukhiphe ingxenye yesithathu yaleli qembu kulokho kumiswa.
Ngokusho kwezinhlangano, uMnyango Wezokuphepha Komphakathi wazama ngokungaphumeleli ukufinyelela esivumelwaneni nezinhlangano ezimele mayelana nokwenyuswa kweminikelo esikhathini sika-2026-2028. Uhlaka lokuqala luphakamise ukwenyuswa okuphakathi kuka-4% no-35%, kuye ngokuthi imali engenayo ingakanani. Ukuntuleka kokuvumelana, kwezinye izimo ngisho nokumelana okuvela ngaphakathi kwamaqembu abusayo, ekugcineni kwaholela ekwandisweni kwe- Ithebula lesisekelo lika-2025 kubantu abazisebenzayo.
Kodwa-ke, lapho kuthuthukiswa ngokobuchwepheshe umyalelo womnikelo, kwenziwa isinqumo sokusebenzisa umthetho wabaqondisi bezinkampani kanye nabalingani ukuthi isisekelo sabo somnikelo asikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kunesoMbuso Ojwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela kusetshenziswa ilungiselelo elihlobene nokuguqulwa kuka-2022. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ukwenyuka okungu-42% kwenzeke manje, esimweni lapho lonke iqembu lingazange libhekane nezinguquko ezisekelweni zabo zomnikelo omncane.
Lesi simo sinengxenye eyengeziwe: i ilungiselelo lesikhombisa lesikhashana Umthetho Wesinqumo Sasebukhosini 13/2022 wawuthi ngo-2023 isisekelo esincane somnikelo sala maqembu sizoba yi-€1.000, nokuthi isisekelo sika-2024 no-2025 kufanele sinqunywe kwiSabelomali Sikahulumeni Jikelele. Njengoba kungekho ma-akhawunti amasha omphakathi avunyelwe ngo-2024, 2025, noma ngo-2026, lokhu kwanda kwasetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ngomyalelo womnikelo, ngaphandle kokushintsha kancane kancane.
Lokhu kwanda okukhulu kwesisekelo seminikelo encane, kuhlanganiswe nokumiswa kweminikelo yabo bonke abazisebenzayo, yilokho izinhlangano ezimele ezikuchaza njenge- ukungalingani kwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kweqembu, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho kwamabhizinisi amaningi amancane.
Ukugxekwa okuvela ku-ATA, i-UPTA nezinye izinhlangano zebhizinisi
Ukusabela okuvela ezinhlanganweni zabasebenzi abazisebenzayo kwashesha. Umongameli we-Association of Self-Employed Workers (ATA), ULorenzo AmorUsole uhulumeni ngokuthi "uphinde waqamba amanga" kubantu abazisebenzayo, ethi ukumiswa kweminikelo yezokuphepha komphakathi akukasetshenziswa kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngokwezibalo zakhe, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu abazisebenzayo bazobona iminikelo yabo encane ikhuphuka ngama-euro angu-135 engeziwe ngenyanga ngo-2026.
U-Amor ukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kwanda kusho "igalelo" kumalungu omndeni angaphezu kuka-400.000 asebenza njengabalingani kanye nabanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzayo abangaphezu kuka-800.000 abanemali engenayo ecishe ibe yi-€1.000 ngenyanga, okuyinto, ngokombono wakhe, ehumusha njengomthwalo onzima kumabhizinisi amaningi amancane ukuwuthwala. Umholi we-ATA usola ukuthi kuphula i- ushintsho oluhleliwe ekuhlinzekweni koMthetho Wesinqumo Sasebukhosini owawulawula ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kohlelo olusha, usebenzisa ngqo isisekelo esincane seqembu 7 loMbuso Ojwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ATA ithi isimiso se- ukulingana kanye nokulingana yohlelo lwezokuPhepha koMphakathi, ngokwandisa iminikelo ka-2025 kuze kube ngu-2026 yabasebenzi abaningi abazisebenzayo kodwa ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwalabo abangabaqondisi bezinkampani kanye nabalingani. Bagcizelela ukuthi lo mehluko ekuphathweni udala igebe langaphakathi ngokusekelwe esimweni sentela sesisebenzi esizisebenzayo.
Ukuphendula lesi simo, i-ATA iqalise ukuxhumana namaqembu ahlukahlukene ephalamende ukuze izame ukuvimba lokho ekubiza ngokuthi “intukuthelo” futhi ifune isisombululo somthetho kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2026. Le nhlangano ifuna ukuthi uHulumeni akhuthaze umthetho owandisa isisekelo esincane sangaphambilini sala maqembu, ngendlela efanayo naleyo oye wenziwa ngayo kwabanye abazisebenzayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Union of Professionals and Self-Employed Workers (UPTA), eholwa ngu-Eduardo Abad, nayo iveze ukukhathazeka kwayo. U-Abad ukhumbula ukuthi wayesevele exwayise i-Social Security Administration ukuthi lesi simo singase sivele futhi uphakamisa ikhambi. isandiso esicacile ngesisekelo somnikelo sabanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzelayo kanye nabalingani babo ngokusebenzisa uMthetho Wesinqumo Sasebukhosini. Ngokombono wakhe, uma kuthathwe isinyathelo sokugcina isisekelo siqandisiwe kulo lonke iqembu, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ifomula efanayo kula maqembu.
Umthelela endaweni kanye namaqembu asengozini kakhulu
Ngale kwezibalo eziphelele, izinhlangano ezahlukene zabaqashi zesifunda zigxile ekutheni lokhu kwanda kuthinta kanjani izindawo zasemakhaya zaseSpain kanye ibhizinisi lomndeniIsibonelo, i-Asturian Federation of Businessmen (FADE) ilinganisele ukuthi izisebenzi ezizimele ezingama-25.155 e-Asturias zithintekile, okulingana cishe nama-35,9% enani lilonke lezisebenzi ezizimele emphakathini.
I-FADE ikholelwa ukuthi lesi sinyathelo simelela "umthwalo ongalingani" abaningi abangeke bakwazi ukuwuthwala, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenza emabhizinisini amancane, emkhakheni wezihambi, kanye neminye imisebenzi yendabuko enemingcele emincane. Le nhlangano ixwayisa ngokuthi iningi lalabo abathintekile esifundeni yilaba abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala abasebenzisana njalo emabhizinisini emindeni asezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Inhlangano yabaqashi base-Asturian iphinde igxeke ngokuthi ukungabikho kweZimali Zikahulumeni Ezijwayelekile ngo-2024, 2025 nango-2026 kusho ukuthi ukwenyuka kusetshenziswe "kanyekanye, ngaphandle kwendawo yokuzivumelanisa nezimo," kwephula isivumelwano sesikhashana esasibikezela i- ukufakelwa okuqhubekayo Ngokubona kwakhe, akunangqondo ukumisa umnikelo weningi labasebenzi abazisebenzayo bese ushiya ngaphandle labo abababheka njengabasengozini kakhulu.
Kwezinye izifunda, abaholi bezepolitiki nabo bagxeke lolu shintsho. E-Extremadura, isibonelo, kuye kwavezwa ukuthi ukwanda kuthinta okungaphezu kwalokho Abantu abazisebenzayo abangu-24.000Ezimweni eziningi, laba ngabesifazane abavela ezindaweni zasemakhaya abaqhuba amabhizinisi omndeni. Iziphathimandla zesifunda zigcizelela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinqumo lungenza kube nzima kakhulu izifunda ezinenani eliphansi labantu kanye nokuhlukahluka okuncane kwezomnotho.
Izinhlangano ezizimele zixwayisa ngokuthi, empeleni, kungase kuvele izimo lapho umuntu ozisebenzelayo ohola cishe u-€12.000 ngonyaka eqhubeka nokukhokha iminikelo yezokuphepha komphakathi ngokusekelwe ku-€1.000, kuyilapho ilungu lomndeni elisebenzela lona, elinomholo ofanayo, kudingeka ukuthi lenze kanjalo ngokusekelwe enanini eliphakeme kakhulu. I-1.424,4 euroEzimweni ezinjalo, imali yomhlanganyeli ingaba ngaphezulu ngo-40% kuneyomnikazi, into izinhlangano ezifana ne-ATA noma i-FADE eziyibheka njengenzima ukuyithethelela.
Esekela le mpikiswano, iSigungu Esiphezulu sigcizelela ukuthi ukuqaliswa kohlelo lomnikelo olusekelwe emalini engenayo yangempela kufanele kuqhubeke nokuthi ukuhambisana ne-General Scheme kuhambisana nomgomo wokuqinisekisa ukusimama kohlelo kanye nokuvikelwa komphakathi okukhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano ezizimele zifuna ukuqaliswa kancane kancane kanye nokufana kokuphathwa ngaphakathi komkhakha ozizimele ngokwawo.
Ngakho-ke, umbono ka-2026 uveza isimo lapho abanikazi bamabhizinisi abazisebenzelayo abangaphezu kwesigidi kanye namalungu emindeni yabo bezobona iminikelo yabo yezokuphepha komphakathi inqunyelwe okungenani ku-€1.424,4 ngenyanga, kuyilapho abasebenzi abazisebenzelayo abasele bezoqhubeka nokuvalwa kweminikelo yabo. Nakuba lesi sinyathelo sisekelwe ku- ukuguqulwa okuvunyelwene ngakho ngo-2022 Futhi emithethweni yamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okugxile kula maqembu kudale impikiswano enamandla yezepolitiki neyezenhlalo, futhi kubeke phakathi kohlelo lwe-ajenda isidingo sokulungisa ishejuli kanye nobubanzi bokuguqulwa kwe-RETA ukuze kugwenywe ukungalingani kanye nokungezwani okwengeziwe entweni encane kakhulu ekhiqizayo.
