Ukuvela kwezokuvakasha kanye nokukhula kwezinkundla ze-inthanethi kuhlukanise uhla lwezinketho zokuhlala zabahambi nabanikazi bezakhiwo eSpain. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuholele ekudidekeni okuthile mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezindlu eziqashisayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa emicabangweni yokuqasha amaholide, ukuqashwa kwezivakashi, izindlu ezisetshenziselwa izivakashi (VUT), kanye nezindlu zezivakashi. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa la magama ngokushintshana, nakuba ekusebenzeni, imithetho, izinsizakalo, kanye nokuphatha kubonisa umehluko oyinhloko okufanele ugcinwe engqondweni.
Ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela kubalulekile Hhayi nje kuphela ukuthobela umthetho wamanje nokugwema izinhlawulo, kodwa futhi ukuze uthole inani elikhulu lendawo yakho, ujabulele okuhlangenwe nakho okwanelisa kakhudlwana njengomuntu oqashisayo, noma ukhethe inketho evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho uma ungumhambi. Ake sihlukanise wonke amaphuzu abalulekile ahlukanisa uhlobo ngalunye lokuqashisa.
Ukuqashwa kweholide kubhekisela ekuqashisweni kwesikhashana kwendlu enefenisha kubavakashi isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile kufika ezinsukwini ezingu-31 ngokubhukha ngakunye.
Inhloso eyinhloko ukunikeza ukuhlala okufushane nakho konke ukunethezeka kwekhaya, ezindlini zangasese noma ezindlini, ezimweni eziningi, ezibuye zisetshenziswe abanikazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqashwa kwezivakashi (noma ukuqashwa kwesikhashana) Ihloselwe labo abafuna indawo yokuhlala yesikhashana ngezizathu ezinjengomsebenzi, izifundo, noma ukulungiswa kwezindawo zabo zokuhlala eziyinhloko. Ubude bayo buvamise ukudlula izinsuku ezingama-30 futhi bungasukela enyangeni eyodwa kuye cishe unyaka, ngokuya ngoMthetho Wokuqashisa Wase-Urban (LAU). Inhloso yawo enkulu akuzona ezokuvakasha kodwa ukuxazulula isidingo sezindlu sesikhashana.
Ikhaya leholide liyindawo yokuhlala, ngokuvamile ephethwe umuntu ozimele, eqashwa izivakashi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Le modeli idume kakhulu kumasayithi afana ne-Airbnb ne-Booking.com, enikeza izivakashi ulwazi lwasendaweni nolweqiniso ezindaweni ezihlala abantu. Kunalokho, indawo yezivakashi Yindawo ekuqaleni eyenzelwe izinjongo zezokuvakasha. Ivamise ukuba yingxenye yezakhiwo noma izakhiwo eziphethwe ngobungcweti, ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zohlobo lwezivakashi (ezifana nokwamukela izivakashi, ukuhlanza, izinsiza, njll.) kanye nokuhlukaniswa okufanayo kwamahhotela.
Ukuphathwa kochwepheshe kungenye yezimpawu eziyinhloko ezibahlukanisayo. Amafulethi abavakashi kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile, okuhlanganisa ukuba khona koqwembe lokuhlonza, izindinganiso zokuphepha nekhwalithi, kanye nezinsizakalo eziqhubekayo, kuyilapho amakhaya okuvakasha evamise ukulawulwa kancane futhi angaphathwa ngokuqondile abanikazi bawo noma ngama-ejensi abamba iqhaza.
Amakhaya okuvakasha avame ukuba ngawabantu abanquma ukusizakala ngempahla yabo phakathi nenkathi ephezulu kakhulu, noma lapho bengayisebenzisi, okusho ukuthi abaphathi ngokuvamile abasebenzi kahle futhi ukutholakala kuvumelana nezimo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafulethi ezivakashi ngokuvamile aphathwa yizinkampani ezisemkhakheni wezokuvakasha., ukuqinisekisa ukunakwa okuqhubekayo okwengeziwe, ukwamukela okutholakalayo kanye nezinsizakalo ezengeziwe zesivakashi.
Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile okuhlukanisa lezi zindlela yimithethonqubo esebenzayo.
Ukuqashiswa kweholide kudinga indawo ukuthi ibhaliswe kurejista yezivakashi ehambisanayo futhi ithole ilayisense, kuye ngomphakathi ozibusayo nomasipala. Izidingo ziyahlukahluka ngesifunda futhi zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amafulethi ezivakashi kufanele ahlangabezane nezimfuneko ezengeziwe, ezifana nalezo zamahhotela, njengepuleti lelayisense eliyisibopho elisemthethweni, umshwalense othile, ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukwamukela, ukuhlanza, namasevisi okulungisa, kanye nesigaba esisemthethweni esisekelwe ekunethezekeni namasevisi.
Omunye umehluko osobala kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili ubude bokuhlala okuvunyelwe:
- Ukuqashwa kweholide ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe ezinsukwini ezingu-31 ngokubhukha ngakunye.Uma inkontileka idlula lesi sikhathi, ngeke isabhekwa njengenkontileka yeholide futhi izoba yinkontileka yezokuvakasha noma yesizini.
- Ukuqashwa kwezivakashi kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-32 kuye kweziyi-11., ngaphandle komkhawulo omncane ezimweni eziningi, kuye ngesizathu sokuqashisa nemithetho yesifunda.
Ezindlini zabavakashi, ukuhlala kungahluka, ukuzivumelanisa nakho kokubili ukuhlala okufushane nokude, njalo kuhambisana nemithetho yamanje.
Ezindlini zokuvakasha, ububanzi bezinsizakalo bungase bulinganiselwe futhi buguquguquke, kuye ngokubandakanyeka komnikazi.
Imvamisa, kufakwe izinto eziyisisekelo (ikhishi, indlu yokugezela, okokulala, amathawula), futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinkonzo ozikhethela zona njengokuhlanza nezinsiza, nakuba umthelela wezokuvakasha emananini ezindlu kungaba nomthelela ekwenzeni inzuzo kanye nezinqumo zomnikazi.
Ngokwengxenye yabo, amafulethi ezivakashi ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezibanzi nezisebenzayo:
- Amafulethi anefenisha nahlomele nekhishi, igumbi lokuphumula, indlu yokugezela, igumbi lokulala kanye nemishini.
- Uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi olunesivinini esikhulu kanye nama-air conditioning systems.
- Ukuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nezinsizakalo zokulungisa izinto.
- Isevisi yamakhasimende futhi ezimweni eziningi ukwamukela kwamahora angu-24.
- Indawo yokupaka yangasese, ilondolo, izinsiza eziphambili, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ezokuthutha kanye nenhlangano yomsebenzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafulethi izivakashi anganikela premium on-demand services: ukudluliselwa kwesikhumulo sezindiza, ukuqashwa kwamabhayisikili, izindawo zokusebenzela, noma inqubomgomo yokufaneleka kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ukuqashiswa kweholide kuyehluka ngezikhathi, kuye ngesizini, isidingo, kanye nezidingo zomnikazi.
Ezimweni eziningi, indawo iqashwa kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, okungase kuphumele emalini engenayo engaguquki kodwa kube lula kumnikazi.
Ezindlini eziqashiswayo zezivakashi nasezindlini zabavakashi, umqondo uwukugcina ukuhlala ngokuqhubekayo unyaka wonke.
Lokhu kuvumela inzuzo ethuthukisiwe nokuphathwa kochwepheshe, ngezintengo eziguquguqukayo kanye nokunikezwayo okuvunyelaniswa nesidingo sesizini kanye namaphrofayela ezivakashi.
Intela yemali engenayo evela eholidini neqashiswayo izivakashi iyahluka kuye ngemodeli ekhethiwe:
- Imali engenayo evela ukuqashwa kweholide Kumelwe zimenyezelwe embuyekeni yentela yemali engenayo njengemali engenayo evela emalini yezindlu ezithengiswayo, nakuba ukucatshangelwa kwazo kuhlukile kulokho okuqashiswayo kwesikhathi eside.
- El ukuqashwa kwezivakashi kulawulwa yi-LAU Ingaphansi kwemithetho yokuqashisa evamile, enokubanjwa okuhlukile kanye nezibopho zentela.
Kuzo zombili izimo, kubalulekile ukuthobela izimfuneko zokubhalisa kanye nelayisensi futhi ube nomshwalense wesikweletu wamanje. Amafulethi ezivakashi angase abe ngaphansi kwentela eyengeziwe njengamabhizinisi ezivakashi, futhi imithetho yesifunda ingase idinge ezinye izibopho ezithile.
Izindlu zokuvakasha zinikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kumnikazi, ongashintshanisa phakathi kokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu kanye nokuqashwa kwezivakashi, anqume izikhathi zokuqasha kanye nokulungisa ukutholakala kuye ngokwezidingo zabo.
Nakuba amafulethi ezivakashi, aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa izivakashi kuphela, awavamisile ukusetshenziswa njengezindawo zokuhlala unomphela. Inhloso ingeyokuhweba kuphela futhi azikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala unomphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yezivakashi Angaphathwa yibo bobabili abantu kanye nezinkampani, kuyilapho amafulethi ezivakashi cishe angaphansi kokuphathwa kochwepheshe.
Imithetho kulo mkhakha iyahlukahluka ngomphakathi ozimele, isungula izidingo nezinqubo ezahlukene zamalayisense, izinhlobo, kanye nezinsizakalo ezincane.
E-Andalusia, kokubili amakhaya okuvakasha kanye nezindlu zezivakashi kufanele zibhaliswe kuRegistry Tourism yesifunda, kodwa ziyehluka ngencazelo yezomthetho kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi. E-Catalonia, imithethonqubo ihlukanisa ngokucacile phakathi kwama-HUT (Tourist Habitatges) nezindawo zokuhlala zabavakashi, ezinomehluko wamalayisensi, umthamo, nezimo zokuqashwa. Isifunda ngasinye singashintsha izikhathi eziningi zokuhlala, izinsiza, noma sibeke izabelo nemikhawulo ukuze kugwenywe ukuminyana kwezivakashi. Kutuswa ukuthi uhlale uthintana neGazethi Esemthethweni Yomphakathi Ozilawulayo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
Uma ucabanga ukubeka indawo yakho yokuhlala ukuze uthole iholide noma indawo yokuqasha izivakashi, Hlola ngokucophelela imodeli evumelana kangcono nesimo sakho:
- Hlaziya isidingo sezivakashi sendawo, kokubili ukuhlala okufushane nokude.
- Funda mayelana nezimfuneko zomthetho nezentela endaweni yangakini.
- Cabangela amasevisi ongakwazi ukuwanikeza, kusukela ekuhlanzeni nasezintweni kuya ekunakekelweni komuntu siqu.
- Linganisa inzuzo elinganiselwe kanye nezindleko zokuphatha: Ukuqashwa kweholide kungaba neziqongo eziphakeme phakathi nesizini, kuyilapho ukuqashwa kwezivakashi kuvame ukuzinza minyaka yonke.
- Hlola ukuhambisana nomphakathi womakhelwane kanye nomthelela emvelweni.
Ukuba nomunye kungenza umehluko. Banikeza iseluleko sezomthetho, ukumaketha, ukulungiselelwa kwamanani entengo, kanye nesevisi yezivakashi ukuze kuthuthukiswe okuhlangenwe nakho nokukhulisa imali engenayo.
Amafulethi ezivakashi agqama ngobubanzi bawo bezinsizakalo, afuna ukufanisa noma ukweqa ukunethezeka nezinsiza zehhotela:
- Indawo yokuhlala enefenisha nempahla: Qedela izindawo, kusukela ekhishini kuya endlini yangasese, nazo zonke izinsiza.
- I-Wi-Fi nobuchwepheshe: ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi ngesivinini esiphezulu, ama-TV ahlakaniphile, nezinkundla zokusakaza.
- Amalineni namathawula: ukunikezwa kokuqala nokushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile uma kunesidingo.
- Ukuhlanza okuyisisekelo nokulungisa, kufakwe ngaphambi kokufika nangesikhathi sokuhlala uma kuceliwe.
- I-air conditioning, izinsiza zokugezela, izindawo zokuwasha kanye nezindawo zokupaka ezizimele kuye ngezinga lokusungulwa.
- Ukwamukelwa komuntu siqu noma ku-inthanethi, ulwazi lwezivakashi kanye nosizo lwezivakashi.
- Inqubomgomo elungele izilwane ezifuywayo kwezinye izimo, kanye nokuqashwa kwemoto, inhlangano yemisebenzi noma ukudluliselwa.
Umgomo uwukuhlinzeka ngokuhlala okunethezekile, okusebenzayo nokuqondene nomuntu siqu evumelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zabahambi: imindeni, amaqembu, izivakashi zebhizinisi noma ukuhlala isikhathi eside.
Ukukhula kwawo womabili amamodeli kulethe izinzuzo nezinselelo kubanikazi bezindlu kanye nemiphakathi yendawo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iye yavumela abaningi ukuba benze imali eyengeziwe, bavuselele izindawo ezingavakashelwa kakhulu, futhi bahlukanise izindawo zokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, kuphinde kwadala ukungezwani kwamanye amadolobha ngenxa yomthelela wawo emananini ezindlu kanye nokubakhona kwawo.
La Inzuzo yokuqashwa ngamaholide ingaba phezulu kakhulu ngesizini, kodwa ingajwayelekile.ngenkathi Ukuqashiswa kwezivakashi kuvame ukunikeza ukuhlala okuqagelekayo nezinzile unyaka wonke.Kuzo zombili izimo, impumelelo izoncika endaweni, ukuphathwa, ukuhlanzeka, isu lentengo, kanye nekhono lokunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukile kwesivakashi.
Abanikazi nabatshalizimali kufanele baqaphele izinguquko zokulawula kanye nezitayela ezintsha zemboni (ukusimama, ukuzenzekelayo, ukumaketha kwedijithali, njll.) ukuze bakhulise amathuba abo futhi bagweme izinhlawulo.
Kubahambi, ukhiye uwukuhlola injongo yohambo, ubude besikhathi, izinsiza ezifiswayo (ikhaya uma kuqhathaniswa nehhotela), ukuguquguquka, futhi njalo uhlole ukubuyekezwa kwendawo yokuhlala nemithetho ngaphambi kokubhuka.
Ukukhetha phakathi kokuqashiswa kweholide, ukuqashwa kwezivakashi, ama-VUT, noma izindawo zokuhlala kuzoncika kuphrofayela yomnikazi, ukusetshenziswa kwendawo, kanye nezidingo zomhambi. Uma ufuna ukuguquguquka nokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ukuqasha iholide kungase kube inketho engcono kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukuhlala njalo nokuphatha okuphrofeshinali, indawo yokuqasha izivakashi inikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu namasevisi. Ukuphatha ngendlela efanele kanye nokuqonda ngokugcwele imithethonqubo yizici ezibalulekile zokuthola imiphumela emihle kunoma yiziphi izindlela.