Uma sikhuluma ngempilo yezomnotho yezwe lethu, akunakwenzeka ukungagxili emkhakheni webhizinisi. Umkhakha ozimele awuyona nje iqoqo lamabhizinisi; usebenza njengenhliziyo ehambisa ingcebo namathuba emisebenzi kuzo zonke izingxenye zeSpain, okuyisihluthulelo sokugcina imishini yezwe isebenza.
Ukuhlaziywa okuhlukahlukene, njenge-Entrepreneur Barometer, kubonisa ukuthi amabhizinisi azimele ayindlela yangempela yokukhula okuqhubekayo . Akukhona nje ukukhiqiza inzuzo kwabambalwa abakhethiwe, kodwa mayelana nesimiso lapho ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nengozi yamabhizinisi kuhumushela khona ezinsizeni, emikhiqizweni, kanye nokuzinza komnotho okuzuzisa wonke umphakathi.
Umnikelo wangempela kwi-GDP kanye nokukhiqizwa kwengcebo
Uma sibheka izinombolo ngobuqotho, isisindo somkhakha ozimele siyamangaza. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe u- 86,9% woMkhiqizo Wasekhaya WaseSpain uvela emisebenzini yezinkampani ezizimele. Lesi sibalo senza kucace ukuthi iningi lenani elengeziwe elidalwe eSpain livela emandleni okuhweba nokuphatha ezinkampani.
Ezifundeni ezithile, njengoMphakathi waseValencian, lokhu kuvelela kusobala kakhulu, lapho isabelo sawo senani eliphelele elingeziwe sicishe sibe ngu-82,9%. Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifunda—lapho iMadrid, iCatalonia, kanye neziQhingi zaseBalearic zihamba phambili—into efanayo ukuthi injini yezomnotho , ngaphandle kokungabaza, iyibhizinisi elizimele.
Asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lo mkhakha wakhiwe kakhulu ngamabhizinisi amancane. Eqinisweni, ama-95,1% amabhizinisi anabasebenzi abangaphansi kweshumi , okubonisa ukuthi isamba sezinkulungwane zemizamo emincane yisona esisekela umnotho wezwe.
Umsebenzi: umthombo omkhulu wamathuba
Umkhakha ozimele awugcini nje ngokudala ingcebo yezimali, kodwa futhi ungumthombo oyinhloko wemali engenayo yemindeni eyizigidi. Njengamanje, amabhizinisi akhiqiza imisebenzi engu-85,6% eSpain, okusho ukuthi kunemisebenzi engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-19. Kuyamangaza ukubona ukuthi, kusukela ngo-2019, imisebenzi engu-88% emisha edalwe ibisemkhakheni ozimele.
Emphakathini waseValencian, lesi sibalo siphezulu nakakhulu, sifinyelela ku-86,8%. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi, uma inhloso iwukuvuselela imakethe yezabasebenzi , indlela ephumelela kakhulu iwukukhulisa ukukhula kwebhizinisi, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zande futhi ziqashe ochwepheshe abengeziwe.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe
Ikhono lezwe lokuncintisana emhlabeni wonke lincike ekutheni litshala malini ekusaseni lalo. Kulokhu, ukutshalwa kwezimali komphakathi kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese: cishe ama-euro ayisishiyagalolunye kwangu-10 atshalwa eSpain avela emkhakheni webhizinisi (89,6%). Ngaphandle kwale nhloko-dolobha, ukwenza imboni ibe yesimanje bekungeke kwenzeke.
Lo mzamo ugxile kakhulu ezindaweni ezibalulekile njengobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana (i-ICT) kanye nezimpahla ezingabonakali, lapho ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese kudlula khona u-90%. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni umnotho wedijithali , yize kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe, njengoba amaphesenti amancane kuphela ezinkampani esezisebenzise izixazululo zobuhlakani bokwenziwa noma zokuphepha kwe-cyber ezithuthukisiwe.
- Imikhakha eguquguqukayo: Amandla avuselelekayo, impilo yedijithali, kanye nokuhweba nge-inthanethi kuyagqama.
- Ukukhula okudingekayo: Ukukhuthaza izinkampani ezinkulu kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza kahle emhlabeni wonke.
- Ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo: Imigqa yesikweletu kanye nokwenza lula kwehhovisi likahulumeni kubalulekile.
Ukuxhasa Umbuso Wezenhlalakahle
Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nombono oyiphutha wokuthi amabhizinisi aqhutshwa yinzuzo kuphela, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi yiwona anikela kakhulu ezimalini zomphakathi . Ngentela yengeniso yezinkampani kuphela, izinkampani zinikela ngezigidigidi zama-euro, okumelela u-12% wemali engenayo yentela iyonke.
Kulokhu kumele kwenezelwe iminikelo yezokuphepha komphakathi ekhokhwa ngabaqashi, ehlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-70% wesamba. Uma sihlanganisa lezi zinto ndawonye, ​​​​umnikelo ophelele wezinkampani ezizimele umele u-33,9% wemali engenayo yomphakathi , inani elidlula isilinganiso se-European Union futhi elivumela ukugcinwa kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile njengokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nemfundo.
Ithonya lezinkampani ezinkulu kanye nombono wezenhlalo
Nakuba ama-SME akha isisekelo, izinkampani ezinkulu zisebenza njengezikhonkwane zesistimu. Izinkampani ezifana neFundación 'La Caixa', i-El Corte Inglés, i-CaixaBank, i-Telefónica, kanye ne-Inditex zinikela ngephesenti elikhulu ku-GDP futhi zikhiqiza umsebenzi ongaqondile ezinkulungwaneni zabahlinzeki abancane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphakathi waseValencia naseSpain uwonke ulondoloza umbono omuhle ngosomabhizinisi. Cishe ama-77% alabo ababuzwe eValencia banesithombe esihle ngalabo abaqala amabhizinisi . Kodwa-ke, umuzwa uyaqhubeka wokuthi indawo yokulawula eSpain iyikhanda elibuhlungu ngempela, lapho izikhulu zibambezela intsha eningi engathanda ukuqala amaphrojekthi ayo.
Iphrofayili entsha yosomabhizinisi iyahlukahluka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweminyaka engama-31 nengama-43, futhi ukwanda kwebhizinisi labesifazane okubangelwa ukufuna ukuzimela kanye nokulinganisela phakathi komsebenzi nempilo. Laba somabhizinisi abasha bahlanganisa ukusimama kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo emphakathini njengezinsika eziyinhloko zamabhizinisi abo ukuze bahehe ithalente futhi bathuthukise idumela labo.
Umkhakha webhizinisi elizimele uhlanganisa isikhundla sawo njengomgogodla wesizwe, onesibopho seningi lengcebo, imisebenzi, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngokunikela kwawo okukhulu kwentela kanye nokudalwa kwezigidi zemisebenzi, umkhakha ozimele awugcini nje ngokuqhuba i-GDP kodwa futhi uqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi kanye nokuchuma komphakathi kwesikhathi eside.
