Ohulumeni bezifunda bandisa ukwesekwa kwabo ngomshuwalense wezolimo esimweni sokukhula kwesimo sezulu kanye nokungazinzi komnotho. I-La Rioja, i-Andalusia, kanye ne-Castile kanye ne-León balungiselela izicelo ezintsha kanye nokuxhaswa ngemali okwengeziwe ngo-2026 ukusiza abalimi kanye nabafuyi bezilwane ukuthi baqinisekise amapulazi abo ngesomiso, isithwathwa, iziphepho, nezinye izingozi.
Lezi zinyathelo zihloselwe ukunciphisa izindleko zezinqubomgomo zomshuwalense , ukwandisa ukumbozwa, nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwemisebenzi yezolimo, yezilwane zasemanzini kanye neyemfuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni bezifunda balungisa amamodeli abo oxhaso ukuze basheshise ukulethwa kokusekelwa kwezezimali, okuhlanganisa ngezaphulelo eziqondile ngesikhathi sokuthenga inqubomgomo.
Ukuqinisa usizo lomshuwalense wezolimo eLa Rioja
Uhulumeni waseLa Rioja ugunyaze ukusetshenziswa kwemali engama- euro ayizigidi ezi-5 ngesicelo sika-2026 sosizo oluhloselwe ukuxhasa ingxenye yezindleko zomshuwalense ezifakwe kuHlelo Lomshuwalense Wezolimo Oluhlanganisiwe luka-2025. Lokhu kumelela ukwanda kwama-euro angu-500.000 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, okubonisa ukuzibophezela okucacile ekwandiseni ukumbozwa komshuwalense emikhiqizweni eyinhloko yezolimo nemfuyo yesifunda.
Umgomo uwukuba umshwalense uqhubeke nokuhlanganisa isikhundla sawo njengethuluzi eliyisisekelo lokulawula izingozi lapho ubhekene nezimo zezulu ezimbi. I-La Rioja isivele inamazinga okungena komshwalense angaphezu kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke, njengoba kunezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-80% zezitshalo ezikhula ngamakhambi kanye nezivini ezingaba ngu-70% ezimbozwe yizinqubomgomo.
Ngokuqondene namagilebhisi ewayini, izibalo zakamuva zibonisa ukwanda kwamahektha angaba ngu-270 ezweni elinomshuwalense kule sizini, okuqinisekisa intshisekelo yomkhakha wewayini waseRioja kulolu hlobo lokumbozwa. Lokhu kuthambekela okukhuphukayo kuqiniswe ukulahlekelwa okuhlangatshezwe eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuphawulwe yiziphepho ezinamandla kanye nezinye izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu.
Njengesinyathelo esisha, uMnyango Wezolimo waseRioja wethule izinguquko zomthetho ukuze kube lula ukufinyelela kulezi zibonelelo zemifelandawonye kanye ne-Agricultural Transformation Societies (SATs) ngamapulazi. Lokhu kuyaqaphela indima yabo ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isifunda kanye nokugcina indwangu ekhiqizayo yezindawo zasemakhaya.
Isicelo sezicelo sihlanganisa nezinyathelo ezithile zabalimi abasebasha kanye namapulazi aphethwe ngokuhlanganyela , azothola ukwenyuka okwengeziwe ngamaphesenti amahlanu ezibonelelo. Ngo-2026, abalimi kanye nabafuyi bezilwane eLa Rioja bazoba nokufinyelela emigqeni yomshuwalense engu-29 yokukhiqiza kwezolimo kanye nengu-11 yomkhakha wezilwane.
Ukusekelwa komphakathi kubaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wamagilebhisi ewayini , lapho uxhaso lwesifunda, oluhlanganiswe nosizo lukahulumeni, luzovumela ukufinyelela phakathi kuka-70% no-75% wezindleko zeprimiyamu, okuyinani eliphezulu elivunyelwe yimithetho ye-EU.
Ukwanda kokumbozwa kuza phakathi kwesilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu sezicelo. Ngo-2025, isinxephezelo esakhokhwa kubalimi nakubafuyi bezinkomo eLa Rioja safinyelela ku-€34 million, okuyirekhodi eliphezulu futhi sanda ngo-54% kunango-2024, lapho sasimi ku-€21,7 million. Izicelo zabikwa kumahektha angu-44.784, athintwe kakhulu yiziphepho ezenzeka kusukela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ehlobo.
Phakathi kwalezi zinxephezelo, isivini saseRioja yisona esithinteke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni, sinezinxephezelo ezingama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-16,6, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kokugcina izinga eliphezulu lomshuwalense kulesi sitshalo esibalulekile somnotho wesifunda.
I-Andalusia: ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-16 kanye nesaphulelo esiqondile ku-premium
Uhulumeni Wesifunda sase-Andalusia uhlela ukwethula imigqa emibili yosizo lokuthola inkontileka yomshuwalense wezolimo ngo-2026, okulinganiselwa kuma-euro angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-16, okungathi, ngokwezilinganiso zokuqala, kuzuze abalimi nabafuyi bezilwane abacishe babe ngu-15.000 esifundeni.
Lezi zibonelelo zihloselwe kakhulu izinqubomgomo zomshuwalense wezolimo ezihlanganisiwe , ezibhekwa njengento ebalulekile ekuvikeleni imali engenayo yabakhiqizi ekwandeni kwezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi, njengesomiso esihlala isikhathi eside, isithwathwa esinzima, kanye neziphepho ezinamandla. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwandisa ukuchayeka engozini, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukubaluleka kokuba nezinqubomgomo zomshuwalense ezanele.
IBhodi ligcizelela ukuthi ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi yezolimo, ezolimo zasemanzini kanye namahlathi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza kwazo esikhathini esimaphakathi neside, okunegalelo ekuqhubekeni komsebenzi kanye nokugcinwa kwemisebenzi exhumene nezindawo zasemaphandleni zase-Andalusia.
Kusukela ngo-2024, uhulumeni wase-Andalusia ubelokhu esebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwesigaba kwemodeli yokukhokha yezikhuthazo zomshuwalense wezolimo, okuhloswe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usizo lufika ngokushesha, kunokuba lufike sekwephuzile ngonyaka. Umgomo uwukuba bonke abakhiqizi bazuze ngesaphulelo esiqondile entengo yomshuwalense ngesikhathi sokusayina inqubomgomo.
Lolu hlelo olusha lusekelwe esivumelwaneni esisayinwe ne-Agroseguro (i-Spanish Association of Combined Agricultural Insurance Entities) futhi luphakamisa ukuthi inani lesibonelelo lisuswe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-premium. Ngale ndlela, umkhiqizi akasadingeki alinde inkokhelo kamuva futhi uthola inzuzo yezezimali ngesikhathi sokuthenga.
Njengamanje, izaphulelo eziqondile sezivele zisetshenziswa enanini elikhulayo lamapholisi futhi ziyandiswa kancane kancane kwezinye. Kulezo zinhlobo zomshuwalense ezingakafakwa kulolu hlelo, izibonelelo zendabuko ezinenkokhelo ngemuva kokwenzeka kwazo zisekhona.
Empeleni, izinhlelo ezimbili zokusekela umshwalense wezolimo ezihlangene zikhona e-Andalusia njengamanje . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, usizo lwendabuko luyagcinwa, oluzofakwa izicelo ngo-2026 futhi luzoba nesabelomali sama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-3,7, kanye nokubikezelwa kwezinqubomgomo ezingaba ngu-9.500 kanye nabazuzi abacishe babe ngu-4.000.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlelo lwesibili loxhaso, olunesabelomali esingu- €12,5 million , luzoqalwa ngo-2026, ngokusekelwe esaphulelo esiqondile entengo yenqubomgomo. Ngalolu hlelo, uhulumeni wesifunda ulindele ukufinyelela abakhiqizi bomshuwalense base-Andalusia ababalelwa ku-11.000 futhi asekele ukuthengwa kwezinqubomgomo ezingaba ngu-16.500 ngalowo nyaka.
Lezi zibonelelo, ezixhaswe ngezinsiza zomphakathi , zengeza ezixhasweni ezinikezwe yi-State Entity for Agricultural Insurance (Enesa), encike kuMnyango Wezolimo, Ezokudoba Nokudla, ngaleyo ndlela kwandisa izinga lokusekelwa kokuthola inkontileka yomshuwalense wezolimo e-Andalusia.
ICastile neLeón: usizo olwengeziwe kanye nezinhlelo ezixhunywe kumshwalense wezolimo
ECastile naseLeón, umongameli wesifunda umemezele ukwanda kosizo lomshuwalense wezolimo kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezinhlelo ezimbili ezithile ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuhlanganyelwe kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20 okuhloswe ngakho ukwenza amapulazi amakhulu emfuyo abe anamuhla futhi aqinisekiswe, kanye nokuthuthukisa umkhakha wezimvu.
Lezi zinhlelo ziyingxenye yephakheji ebanzi yezinyathelo zokusekela zomkhakha oyinhloko , obhekwa njengenye yezinsika zomnotho nezenhlalo zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezisengozini yokuntuleka kwabantu. Ukuqinisa umshwalense kuvezwa njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwemali engenayo yabalimi nabafuyi bezilwane ezifuywayo lapho bebhekene nesimo sezulu, impilo kanye nezingozi zemakethe.
Ukuzibophezela ekwandiseni uxhaso lwezinqubomgomo zomshuwalense kuhlose ukwenza kube lula ukufinyelela kumshuwalense wezolimo emapulazini amaningi, ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthuthukiswe izinga lokumbozwa. Uhulumeni wesifunda uhlose ukuthi lezi zindlela zokuvikela zitholakale emapulazini angochwepheshe asunguliwe, kanye nakubalimi abasebasha abangena kulo mkhakha kanye namaphrojekthi ezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu.
Izinhlelo ezihlobene nokufuya imfuyo ebanzi zifaka phakathi ukutshalwa kwezimali ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda, ukuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokusimama ezinkomeni, izimvu, kanye nezinye izifuyo ezibanzi, ngenhloso yokuqinisa ukuncintisana kwazo kanye nekhono lazo lokubhekana nezimo ezimbi. Nakuba izicelo ezithile zeziphakamiso zizoncika enkambisweni yesabelomali, umugqa womsebenzi omenyezelwe ubeka umshwalense wezolimo njengenye yezinsika zenqubomgomo yezolimo yesifunda.
Empikiswaneni yezepolitiki yesifunda, kugcizelelwe nokuthi ukwehluleka ukwamukela isabelomali sesifunda sika-2026 kushiye ezinye zalezi zinhlelo zingacacile, okuhlanganisa nokwenyuka okuqondile kwezibonelelo zomshuwalense wezolimo kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinhlelo ezimbili ezinesabelomali sama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20. Uhulumeni wesifunda uphinde wagcizelela ukuzibophezela kwakhe ekuqaliseni kabusha lezi zinyathelo ngokushesha nje lapho uhlaka lwesabelomali luvuma.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuzibophezela kusalokhu kuhlela izingcingo zesikhathi esizayo zosizo lwesifunda ngezibonelelo zikahulumeni ezivela ku-Enesa , ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinsizakusebenza futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lomshuwalense wezolimo oluhlanganisiwe emphakathini.
Uma zihlanganiswa, izinqumo ezenziwe yiLa Rioja, i-Andalusia, kanye neCastile kanye neLeón zikhomba isimo lapho usizo lomphakathi lomshuwalense wezolimo luba lubaluleke khona njengenqubomgomo yesakhiwo yokusekela umkhakha wezolimo. Isabelomali esandisiwe, ukwethulwa kwezindlela ezifana nezaphulelo eziqondile zeprimiyamu, kanye nokunaka amaqembu abalulekile (abalimi abasebasha, ubunikazi obuhlanganyelwe, ama-cooperative, kanye nokulima okubanzi kwemfuyo) kwakha imodeli lapho ukushwalelisa amapulazi kungaseyona inketho yesibili kodwa kuya ngokuya kuba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kwezolimo.
