Izabelo ziyizinkokhelo ezenziwa yizinkampani kubanikazi bamasheya bazo ngenxa yenzuzo etholakala emigqeni yazo yebhizinisi. Futhi ziyisici esibalulekile esicatshangelwa izinkulungwane zabatshalizimali lapho bakha amaphothifoliyo abo okutshala imali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zinikeza imbuyiselo esukela ku-3% kuya ku-8% . Kodwa okuthakazelisa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zakho zokutshala imali ukuthi ungasebenzisa amasu ahlukene ukuze uzuze kule nkokhelo enikezwa ezinye zezinkampani ezisohlwini lwemakethe yamasheya. Cishe ulangazelela ukufunda ngazo bese uzisebenzisa ngokushesha.
Enye yezindlela ezikhethwayo zabagcini bemali ukudala umfudlana wemali engenayo ezinzile ngaphakathi kwempahla enenani eliguquguqukayo ngokusebenzisa ama-dividend, kungakhathaliseki ukusebenza kwayo emakethe yesitoko. Lokhu kunikeza imbuyiselo ephezulu kunaleyo ekhiqizwa yimikhiqizo ejwayelekile yasebhange (amadiphozithi esikhathi esinqunyiwe, ama-akhawunti okonga, amanothi esithembiso, njll.). Lawa mamodeli okonga awavamile ukudlula isivuno esingu-0,50%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-dividend ahlinzeka ngemali engenayo eqinisekisiwe njalo ngonyaka, esiza ukugcina uketshezi lwe-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, ngaphezu kwezinye izinto ezibalulekile.
Elinye isu ongalisebenzisa ngalezi zinkokhelo ezivamile ukusizakala ngokukhuphuka kwentengo yesitoko ezinsukwini eziholela osukwini lokukhokha ukuze uthengise utshalomali lwakho . Leli isu eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu elivame ukusetshenziswa ngabatshalizimali abanolwazi ezimakethe zezimali. Abafuni lokhu kubuyiselwa kwemali; umgomo wabo ukukhulisa inzuzo ngazo zonke izindleko, ngisho nangaphezu komholo abafanele ukuwuthola kodwa abangalokothi bawusebenzise ngempela.
Izinzuzo: imali engenayo engaguquki kokuguquguqukayo
Enye indlela ivamile kakhulu. Kuhilela ukulinda amanani ukuthi abuyele emazingeni awo angaphambilini ngemuva kokukhipha inkokhelo yesabelo. Lokhu kuzothatha amasonto ambalwa. Kunoma ikuphi, uzothengisa amasheya akho usebenzisa imali engenayo yesabelo kuphela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uthole imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwakho kokuqala. Kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokukhulisa inkokhelo yesabelo evela kumasheya, yize kungahlobene ngokuphelele nokutshalwa kwezimali okuvamile.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingana manje, izinkokhelo zezabelo zikunikeze izinketho ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungazithola ngqo kwi-akhawunti yakho yasebhange bese uzisebenzisa ngendlela othanda ngayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungaphinde uzitshale kabusha kumasheya onawo. Lesi kuzoba yisinqumo sakho siqu okufanele usenze ngemuva kokuhlaziya lokho okufunayo ngempela nokuthi iyini iphrofayili yakho njengomtshalizimali omncane.
Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba yinzuzo kuwe ukwazi izimo lapho kuzuzisa khona kakhulu ukutshala imali kule nkokhelo etholwa yibo bonke abanikazi bamasheya. Leli isu lokuthuthukisa ibhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokutshala imali . Ngempela, ungandisa imingcele ibhange elikunikeza yona kuma-dividends. Naka ngoba leli thuba lokutshala imali lingaba usizo noma nini lapho livela.
Kuzinqubo ze-bullish
Uma isitoko sibhekene nokuthambekela okukhuphukayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uphinde utshale imali yokukhokha izabelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu kuthengiselana kuzokunikeza amasheya engeziwe , ngakho-ke, amathuba amakhulu okuthola imbuyiselo eyengeziwe. Esikhundleni sokumane ubambe imali, uzoba nemali eboshiwe isikhathi eside ukuze uthole imbuyiselo ethuthukisiwe yezabelo.
Izinhlelo zokonga zesikhathi eside: Uma utshalomali lwakho luhloselwe isikhathi esimaphakathi noma eside, leli cebo lizoba nenzuzo futhi. Ngeke likuvumele nje kuphela ukuthi wandise utshalomali lwakho, kodwa uzokwazi nokuthola imali eyengeziwe kuma-dividends esikhathi esizayo. Ngale ndlela , uzokhulisa kancane kancane imali yakho oyitshalile . Kuyindlela yokuqala yokwakha isikhwama sokonga seminyaka ezayo. Phela, ukugxila kwakho kuseminyaka eminingi ezayo, ngisho nanjengefa. Kungaba yithuba elihle kakhulu lokukhulisa ukubamba kwakho imakethe yesitoko.
Amanani aqinile kakhulu
Elinye isu lihilela ukutshala imali ezitokweni ezizinzile kakhulu ezingavamile ukwehla okukhulu kwemakethe. Kuzoba ngcono ukufaka izinzuzo ekutshalweni kwakho kwezimali kunokulinda ukuziqoqa ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ungeke uyidinge imali isikhathi eside. Kunoma ikuphi, ngeke ube nakukhetha ngaphandle kokubeka izikhathi zokuvala izikhundla zakho zamasheya. Lokhu kuzovimbela noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kwemakethe okuwohlokayo ekuqedeni ezinye zalezi zinzuzo, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali uqobo.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukwabiwa kwezabelo phakathi kwabaninimasheya okuzokwenzeka kulo nyaka kuzoba esinye isisusa sokufaka izimali kulo nyaka. Ngoba impela, ithembisa ukuzivocavoca okugcwele izindaba ezinhle zabasindisa. Yize kunjalo nangokunye ukuphoxeka ngendlela yokwehliswa kwalo mholo wabatshalizimali.
Kusukela kulo mbono, isici esisha esiyinhloko esinikezwa yizinkampani ezisohlwini ukuthi imbuyiselo abazoyithola ilinganiswa ngenzuzo emaphakathi engaba ngu-4%. Kunoma ikuphi, lokhu kungaphansi kwengxenye yeshumi yephesenti kunonyaka odlule, okwaphawula enye yamarekhodi okusebenza amahle kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, kuhamba njalo. Ngaphandle kokushaqeka okukhulu, lokhu kuzinza kuqinisekisa inani elizogcina lisezimalini zokonga zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Amaconsi asebenza
Akuzona zonke izindaba ezinhle kubagcini bezimali abaqapha izitayela zezabelo. Izinkampani ezimbalwa zinciphise izinkokhelo zazo. Lokhu kunjalo ngenye yezinkampani ezihamba phambili emakethe yamasheya yaseSpain: iTelefónica . Inkampani kazwelonke yezokuxhumana inqume ukunciphisa inkokhelo yayo yabanikazi bamasheya kulo nyaka. Imemezele ukuthi izosabalalisa izabelo eziyi-€0,40 kuma-akhawunti ayo ka-2017, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-€0,55 ngo-2016 (lapho kwakulindeleke ukuthi isabalalise i-€0,75). Lokhu akuzona neze izindaba ezinhle kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kubabeka ngemuva kakhulu kontanga yabo, okungenani esikhathini esifushane.
Ezinye izinkampani ezisohlwini lwe-stock exchange yaseSpain zikhethe isu elifanayo lokulawula lezi zinkokhelo , yize zingamaphesenti amancane kakhulu. Ukwehla okubangelwa yimali engenayo ngesabelo akudluli u-10%, kodwa kusavimbela abatshalizimali ekuthatheni izikhundla kulezi zabelo zaseSpain, ngokungafani nalezo ezizuza kakhulu kulokhu kusatshalaliswa.
Yini engenziwa ngabatshalizimali?
Njengoba kunikezwe umbono wesabelo salo nyaka omusha, kunezindlela eziningi ezingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa inani lokonga okuqoqiwe. Lokhu kusuka emisebenzini enolaka kakhulu kuya kwezinye ezinendlela yokuzivikela kakhulu ekuvikeleni imali etshaliwe . Phakathi kwazo, inketho yokwenza izinyathelo ezisheshayo kunokuvamile iyagqama, ngenhloso ecacile necacile: ukuzama ukufeza imbuyiselo engcono kakhulu ekukhuleni kwentengo yamasheya ngokuhlanganisa isabelo nezinye izinhlobo zenkokhelo, ngaphandle kokugxila ezikhathini ezinkulu ezivame ukugcinelwa isikhathi esiphakathi neside.
Enye inketho etholakalayo kuwe njengamanje ihilela izikhundla ezingashintshi kakhulu . Isu lakho lizohlanganisa ukukhetha amasheya anikeza isivuno esihle kakhulu senzuzo futhi abonise ukusebenza kahle kobuchwepheshe, noma okungenani ukuthambekela okucacile okukhuphukayo. Ngale ndlela, azoba sesimweni esingcono kakhulu sokukhulisa imbuyiselo kunoma yiziphi izikhundla ezivulekile kusukela manje kuya phambili.
Isinyathelo sakho sesithathu kufanele kube ukwenza utshalomali oluhlukahlukene kakhulu kunalokho okwenzile kuze kube manje. Kanjani? Kulula kakhulu: ngokukhetha isikhwama sokutshala imali esisekelwe ezimpahleni zezimali ezinalezi zici. Unezinketho eziningi ongakhetha kuzo, kokubili emakethe yasekhaya kanye nalezo ezivela kwezinye izindawo zezwe. Konke kuzoncika kuphrofayela yakho njengomtshalizimali omncane noma ophakathi nendawo.
Izimali ezixhumene nokwahlukaniswa
Ngempela, kunemikhiqizo eminingana yezezimali esekela isu layo ekufakeni lezi zindinganiso. Benza kanjalo emhlabeni jikelele , ngaphandle kokukuphoqa ukuthi ukhethe inkampani eyodwa. Esikhundleni salokho, bagxila ekutshaleni imali ebhasikidini elihlukahlukene kakhulu lamasheya. Lena enye indlela etholakala kalula uma ufisa ukuphepha okukhulu kweminikelo yakho yemali.
Ububi obukhulu balolu khetho lokutshala imali ukuthi kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali ephezulu kunokuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya ngqo ezimakethe zezimali. Lezi zimali zingafinyelela ku-2%. Kulesi simo, kuzodingeka wenze isibopho esikhulu sezezimali kulezi zimali. Kodwa-ke, ngokubuyisela, uzoba nenkululeko enkulu yokuzidlulisela kwezinye izikhwama zokutshala imali ngaphandle kwesijeziso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza lezi zivumelwano nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ngaphandle komkhawulo wenani lokudluliselwa, inqobo nje uma izimali zivela ebhange elifanayo.