Izinga lethokheni le-ERC liyindlela emphakathini we-Ethereum ukuchaza nokucacisa izindinganiso ukuze amathokheni achazwe ngalezo zindinganiso abe nempahla evamile futhi asebenzisane. Ngale ndlela izingxenye eziningi namathuluzi angasetshenziswa kabusha.
Ayini amathokheni e-ERC.
Uphawu iyunithi yenani elingasetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi ye-blockchain. Amathokheni ngokuvamile akhishwa inhlangano noma inkampani futhi can zimelela izinto ezihlukahlukene, njenge-cryptocurrency, impahla yezezimali, ivoti esinqumweni esiyiqoqo noma isiqinisekiso sokufinyelela kusevisi noma umkhiqizo. Amathokheni zivame ukukhishwa emnikelweni wohlamvu lwemali lokuqala (ICO) futhi ingashintshwa ngezinkundla ze-cryptocurrency noma isetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi ethile ye-blockchain efana ne-Ethereum. Isiteji se-Ethereum sichaze izindinganiso ze-ERC (Isicelo se-Ethereum samazwana) ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathokheni. I-ERC iyi-a indlela emphakathini we-Ethereum ukuchaza nokucacisa amazinga ukuze amathokheni achazwe ngalawo mazinga zinezakhiwo ezivamile futhi ziyasebenzisana. Ngale ndlela izingxenye eziningi namathuluzi angasetshenziswa kabusha. Ake sibuyekeze izindinganiso zamathokheni ezidume kakhulu ze-ERC esingazisebenzisa kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum:
ERC-20 Amathokheni.
I-ERC-20 iyindinganiso yobuchwepheshe esetshenziswa amathokheni amaningi e-Ethereum. Leli zinga lichaza ukuthi amathokheni kufanele asebenze kanjani kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum, kuhlanganise nokuthi kufanele adluliselwe futhi agcinwe kanjani. I Amathokheni e-ERC-20 ayasebenzisana, okusho ukuthi zingasetshenziswa futhi zishintshwe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza noma inkundla ethobelana naleli zinga. Ukwengeza, lokhu kuvumela onjiniyela dala amathuluzi namasevisi ahambisanayo ngohlu olubanzi lwamathokheni we-ERC20. Ithokheni ye-ERC-20 yenziwe izakhi ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe, kufaka phakathi:
- Ikhodi yenkontileka ehlakaniphile ebhalwe ngolimi lohlelo lweSolidity echaza umqondo nemithetho yethokheni.
- Isixhumi esibonakalayo senkontileka esichaza imisebenzi nemicimbi okufanele isetshenziswe ngekhodi yenkontileka.
- Inkomba eyingqayizivele yethokheni, eyaziwa ngokuthi "ikheli" layo kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum.
- Igama nophawu lophawu.
- Isamba senani lamathokheni asakazwayo.
- Isici esivumela amathokheni ukuthi adluliselwe esuka kwelinye ikheli aye kwelinye.
- Umsebenzi okuvumela ukuthi uhlole ibhalansi yethokheni yekheli elinikeziwe.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathokheni ane-ERC-20 ejwayelekile. Umthombo: Okuphakathi.
Kunzima ukunquma ngokuqiniseka ukuthi mangaki amathokheni e-ERC20 akhona ku-Ethereum, njengoba iyinethiwekhi enqunyelwe futhi akukho gunya eliphakathi eligcina umkhondo wawo wonke amathokheni ajikelezayo. Kukhona futhi ezinye izinkontileka ukuthi ingamela amathokheni amaningana ahlukene noma eyodwa ngokwayo ingasetshenziswa ukudala amathokheni amaningi.
ERC-721 Amathokheni.
ERC-721 amathokheni Ziwuhlobo lwethokheni olubizwa nge-non-fungible (NFT Tokens), lokhu kusho ukuthi ahlukile ngomqondo wokuthi ngalinye lihlukile kwamanye. Lokhu kubenza balungele zimelela amafa edijithali ayingqayizivele, njengomsebenzi wobuciko bedijithali noma umlingisi kugeyimu ye-inthanethi. Ukuze usebenzise amathokheni e-ERC-721, inkontileka ehlakaniphile ewakhiphayo kufanele idalwe kuqala. Uma isivumelwano sesingenile, Amathokheni e-ERC-721 angakhishwa futhi adluliselwe phakathi kwama-akhawunti we-Ethereum ngokuphepha nangokusobala.
Umehluko phakathi kwamathokheni e-ERC-20 kanye ne-ERC-721. Umthombo: Isikhungo Solwazi se-Etherscan.
ERC-777 Amathokheni.
Lawa mathokheni Ziyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe yamathokheni e-ERC-20 y ukunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu nokuphepha. Lawa mathokheni asekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-blockchain futhi asetshenziselwa ukumela izimpahla zedijithali futhi enze ukuthengiselana okuphephile nokusobala ngazo. Esinye sezici ezithakazelisayo kakhulu zamathokheni we-ERC-777 yilokho inikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunamathokheni e-ERC-20. Isibonelo, amathokheni e-ERC-777 avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlele imithetho yangokwezifiso yokwenziwe futhi babeke imikhawulo yesikhathi yokwenziwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Amathokheni e-ERC-777 nawo anikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu kunamathokheni e-ERC-20, njengoba egwema ezinye zezinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngamathokheni e-ERC-20, njengokulahlekelwa amathokheni lapho uwathumela esivumelwaneni esingakakulungeli ukuwathola.
Imisebenzi yokudlulisa amathokheni ye-ERC-777. :
ERC-1555 Amathokheni.
Amathokheni e-ERC-1155 awuhlobo lwethokheni ku-Ethereum blockchain evumela abasebenzisi gcina futhi udlulise izinhlobo eziningi zamathokheni ngaphakathi kwenkontileka eyodwa. Lokhu kuhlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zamathokheni, njenge-ERC-20 noma i-ERC-721, evumela kuphela ukugcinwa nokudluliselwa kohlobo olulodwa lwethokheni. Lolu hlobo lwethokheni seludumile ngenxa ikhono layo lokugcina nokudlulisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathokheni ngaphakathi kwenkontileka eyodwa. Lokhu kwenza kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle kubasebenzisi ukuphatha amathokheni abo, njengoba kungadingeki bahlanganyele nezinkontileka eziningana ezihlukene ukuze baphathe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathokheni. Ukwengeza, amathokheni we-ERC-1155 ivumela ukuqaliswa "kwemisebenzi eminingi", okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bangenza imisebenzi eminingi, njengokudlulisa izinhlobo ezihlukile zamathokheni, ngomsebenzi owodwa. Lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokuthengiselana ku-blockchain.
Isakhiwo sokushintsha amathokheni se-ERC-1155. Umthombo: CriptoNoticias.
ERC-4626 Amathokheni.
I-ERC-4626 iyindinganiso yokuthi lungiselela futhi uhlanganise amapharamitha wobuchwepheshe "ama-vaults aveza isivuno". Ihlinzeka nge-API ejwayelekile yama-vaults anethokheni athela isivuno amele amasheya ethokheni eyodwa engaphansi ye-ERC-20. I-ERC-4626 iphinde inikeze ngesandiso esingazikhethela samathokheni kusetshenziswa i-ERC-20, enikeza ukusebenza okuyisisekelo faka, khipha amathokheni futhi ufunde ibhalansi. Lolu hlobo lwethokheni lunohlelo lokusebenza olulungile ku izimakethe zokuboleka, izihlanganisi namathokheni anenzalo. Lokhu kusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi thola ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwamathokheni akho e-crypto ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukene. Lawa maqhinga enziwa ngokuhluka okuncane, okungaholela emaphutheni noma kumoshwe izinsiza zokuthuthukisa.
Isakhiwo se-ERC-4626 yethokheni ye-vault. Umthombo: beToken Umngane Wami ES.