Kusele isikhathi esingaphezudlwana nje konyaka komunye wemicimbi elindelwe kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-cryptocurrency ecosystem; "ukwehliswa" kweBitcoin. Uma siqondiswa ukulandelana kwezikhathi kwalezi zenzakalo zangaphambilini kumongo womlando, ngeke kube ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu ukuqala ukuqongelela uSatoshi. Ngakho-ke masizilungiselele kangcono qonda ukuthi lo mcimbi usebenza kanjani ukukwazi ukutshala imali ngobuhlakani.
Iyini i-Bitcoin iyancipha?
Ukwehliswa kwe-Bitcoin ngumcimbi ohlobene nezimayini ze-bitcoin. Abavukuzi badala ama-bitcoins amasha njalo ngemizuzu eyishumi, okulingana nesikhathi esijwayelekile esisithathayo ukwengeza ibhulokhi yokuthengiselana ku-blockchain. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi ibhulokhi yengezwe ku-database ye-Bitcoin, ikhiyiwe kusetshenziswa iphazili eyinkimbinkimbi ye-cryptographic. Abavukuzi bayaqhudelana ukuze bayivule, besebenzisa isofthiwe yezimayini ukuze bazame ukuxazulula lezi zindida ngamandla ekhompyutha. Le nqubo, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi “ubufakazi bomsebenzi,” iyona egcina inethiwekhi isebenza. Umvukuzi wokuqala wokuxazulula iphazili wengeza i-block kunethiwekhi futhi awine ama-bitcoins asanda kwakhiwa. I-halving ingenye yezici ezihlukile ezigqamayo ku- umklamo we-bitcoin ophumelelayo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwamabhulokhi wokuthenga wenethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin. Umthombo: Yevgeniy Brikman.
Ibhulokhi yokuqala ye-Bitcoin yambiwa ngoJanuwari 3, 2009, lapho uSatoshi Nakomoto (umdali ongaziwa we-Bitcoin) ebhala ikhodi yokuqala yokuthengiselana. Ngalezo zinsuku, umvukuzi owinile wavuzwa ama-bitcoins angama-50 ngebhulokhi ngayinye, enezela ama-bitcoins amasha angama-50 ekuhlinzekeni okuphelele. Ngemva kweminyaka emine (ngoNovemba 2012), imivuzo yahlukaniswa ngesigamu, kuya kuma-bitcoins angu-25 ngebhulokhi ngayinye. Aphinde ahliswa ngesigamu futhi ngoJulayi 2016 kuya ku-12,5 bitcoins, futhi ngoMeyi 2020 kuya ku-6,25. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke kuze kube unyaka we-2140, lapho wonke ama-bitcoins ayizigidi ezingu-21 azobe esembiwe.
Kungani i-Bitcoin Halving ibaluleke kangaka?
I-Bitcoin isineminyaka engu-14 kuphela, kodwa kuze kube manje, ngayinye yalezi zenzakalo ibangele umhlangano omkhulu wezimakethe zezinkunzi. Futhi kunezizathu ezimbili zalokhu:
- I-Bitcoin ine-inflation encane njalo uma ihhafu. Abahlaziyi babala izinga le-inflation ye-Bitcoin ngokusekelwe ekwenyukeni kwaminyaka yonke kokunikezwa kwama-bitcoins futhi bahlukanise ngenani eliphelele lama-bitcoins asevele esakazwa. Lokhu kubeka izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali yonyaka wenkosi ye-crypto ecosystem cishe ku-1,8% okwamanje, kodwa lizokwehla libe ngaphezu kuka-0,8% lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwesigamu kwenzeka ngo-2024. Ngakho-ke, njengoba ukunikezwa kwama-bitcoins amasha kuncipha , umthetho wokuhlinzeka nokufunwa usho ukuthi ukuthi intengo kufanele ikhuphukele phezulu (ezinye izinto ziyalingana).
- Umthelela wokunciphisa uhhafu ngentengo ye-bitcoin wenza abatshalizimali bajabule ngalolu daba futhi, ngenxa yokuthi bakholelwa ukuthi abanye abatshalizimali bajabule, wonke umuntu uqala ukuthenga okuningi noma okuncane ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokulindela i-bullish rally elandelayo eqhutshwa ukuhliswa kwesigamu.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwesigamu kungasinika kanjani izinkomba?
Ngokwekhasi I-Hash enhle, ukwehla kwe-Bitcoin okulandelayo kulindeleke ukuthi kuqale ngo-February 2024. Lokho kusishiya cishe amasonto angu-64 kuze kube usuku olukhulu, okuthakazelisayo uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi lezi zikhathi zokuqoqa (amabhokisi aphuzi) ziye zaba izikhathi ezinhle zokuqongelela bitcoin esikhathini esidlule. Ngakho uma ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka futhi, manje yisikhathi esihle sokuqala ukuqongelela ama-bitcoins.
Bitcoin Halving Cycles. Umthombo: Tradingview.
Yebo, kumelwe sicabangele izici ezimbili:
- Izimo zezomnotho ezinkulu azifani nezeminyaka eyishumi edlule. I-Bitcoin yazalwa ngonyaka ngemva kwenhlekelele enkulu yango-2008 futhi i-Fed isisebenzise ngaphezulu kwamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9 ngezinhlelo zokuthenga ibhondi kanye nezinqubomgomo zokunciphisa inani (okungukuthi, ukunyathelisa imali emoyeni omncane) kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube yinyanga edlule ka-April 2022. Manje, i-Fed ibivumela lezi zimpahla ukuthi zishiye amaphepha azo ebhalansi njengoba kufika izinsuku zazo zokuvuthwa. Yiqiniso, i-Fed (kanye namanye amabhange amakhulu) ingasebenzisa kabusha lezo zinqubomgomo uma isimo semakethe yezemisebenzi siba sibi futhi umnotho udinga ukusimama ukuze usimama.
- Izigidi ezingu-19,25 zama-bitcoins sezivele zidaliwe, okulingana ne-91,67% yezigidi ezingu-21 ezihleliwe. Ngakho-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uhhafu kwenzeka, umphumela wokushoda uba mncane. Ngo-2016, kwafinyelelwa ku-75% kuphela, kodwa ngo-2020 leso sibalo safinyelela ngaphezu kwama-85%. Ukwengeza, umcimbi ngamunye ohhafu wengxenye (umugqa wamachashazi) ukubuyekezwa kuyehliswa uma kuqhathaniswa nowangaphambilini. Ngakho-ke, nakuba isigamu esilandelayo singase sibe yimbangela ye-rally entsha ye-bullish ye-bitcoin, iphesenti lokukhuphuka kwentengo lingaba ngaphansi kwedlule.
Ukunikezwa okujikelezayo (umugqa ophuzi) kanye nentengo ye-BTC (umugqa omnyama). Umthombo: Glassnode.
Ngamafuphi, umcimbi olandelayo wokwehlisa isigamu e-Bitcoin ungase ukhiqize izinzuzo eziphansi kune-rally ye-bullish yangaphambilini. Kodwa nakuba kuyiqiniso, ukwehliswa kwe-Bitcoin kuphinde kuzuzise yonke i-cryptocurrency ecosystem, lapho singabona khona ukuthi ama-Altcoins azokwenyuka kanjani njengasemijikelezweni edlule. Ekugcineni, lo mcimbi ugcina udale ukungena okukhulu kwabatshalizimali abasha ohlelweni lwe-cryptocurrency ecosystem, okuyiqiniso elifakazelwe ngesizini ye-Altcoin (eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi “i-AltSeason”) imakethe eyabhekana nayo ekuqaleni kuka-2021.