Umhlangano weBhange Elikhulu laseYurophu (i-ECB) ngoMashi uqinisekise lokho abahlaziyi bezezimali ababekubikezela: amazinga enzalo endaweni ye-euro azohlala engashintshi futhi ngeke akhushulwe okungenani kuze kube sekupheleni kwalo nyaka. Lesi simo sijezisa abalondolozi, abangakwazi ukuthola imbuyiselo ekongeni kwabo, kanti imingcele ephakathi ishintshashintsha phakathi kuka-0,25% no-0,60%. Izindleko zemali azikaze zibe ngaphansi kunalokho eziyikho njengamanje.
Iningi labahlaziyi bezezimali likholelwa ukuthi amazinga enzalo ngeke ashiye ukwehla okungokomlando okungu-0% kuze kube maphakathi nonyaka ozayo. Ngakho-ke, abalondolozi abancane nabaphakathi kuzodingeka babe nesineke ngenkathi befuna imbuyiselo ephezulu emikhiqizweni eyinhloko yokonga. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abangafisi ukufaka imali yabo engozini emikhiqizweni yemakethe yamasheya, nayo okwamanje ebhekene nokwehla, uma kubhekwa ingozi yokulungiswa kwemakethe okulindelekile.
Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezithile zokuthuthukisa la mazinga enzuzo kumadiphozithi asebhange esikhathi esinqunyiwe . Ngamasu ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa yizikhungo zesikweletu, la manzuzo angakhushulwa cishe ngephuzu elilodwa lephesenti uma kuqhathaniswa namanani okuqala ale mikhiqizo yezezimali. Kunoma ikuphi, ngenkokhelo enqunyiwe neqinisekisiwe njalo ngonyaka, lokhu kuyinto engenakubhekwa phansi okwamanje.
Amanani aphansi: amadiphozi angu-1%
Ngaphakathi kwalo mkhiqizo olula ukuwufinyelela, okwamanje kunezipesheli ezimbalwa ezikhangayo abasebenzisi abangabhalisela kuzo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izikhungo zezimali ziqalise amadiphozithi esikhathi esinqunyiwe ezinyanga eziyishumi nambili angafinyelela amazinga aseduze no-1,20 %. Nakuba iningi lalezi zipesheli livela emabhange edijithali futhi livikelwe kuze kufike ku-€100.000 yokuqala, kulokhu ngezimali zesiqinisekiso sediphozithi, lesi sivikelo simboza noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame nezikhungo ezibolekisayo.
Ngaphandle kwemibandela ehlanganisiwe, ngisho nenketho yokufaka imali ngqo yomholo kanye nezikweletu ezinkulu zasekhaya (amanzi, igesi, ugesi, njll.), njengoba kunjalo ngamabhange avamile. Kumane kudinga ukuvula i-akhawunti yokukhokha noma yokonga esikhungweni, lapho abanikazi bama-akhawunti bengakwazi ukuphatha khona imali yabo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe ezizoba yisihloko sokuhlaziywa okuhlukile ngokuphelele.
Inzalo eyengeziwe kwimigomo emide
Njengoba umuntu angalindela, inzuzo iqala ukwanda njengoba isikhathi sokutshalwa kwezimali sikhula. Ngenxa yaleli qhinga lebhizinisi, kunemigomo ephakathi, phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-18 nezingu-24, engathuthukisa futhi imbuyiselo yamadiphozithi ezinyanga ezingu-12 ngamaphesenti ambalwa eshumi. Kodwa-ke, kulesi simo esithile, kufakwa inani elincane lokutshalwa kwezimali, elisukela ku-€3.000 kuya ku-€15.000. Kunoma ikuphi, kunomkhawulo omkhulu wokubuyisela, obekwe emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile aseduze no-€100.000.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi futhi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zamadiphozithi esikhathi esiphakathi zilawulwa amasu alondolozayo kakhulu esakhiweni sazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elincane lokutshalwa kwezimali lalezi zinhlobo zamadiphozithi esikhathi esinqunyiwe liphezulu. Kulesi simo, iminikelo ephansi icishe ibe yi-€15.000 noma i-€20.000 ukuthuthukisa imbuyiselo yalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo wezezimali. Ngakho-ke, leli nani kumele lihlale liboshiwe isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi alikwazi ukuhoxiswa kusenesikhathi, njengoba kunjalo nangamanye amadiphozithi emali encane.
Imikhiqizo Eqondisiwe Yesikhathi Eside
Enye indlela enikezwa yizikhungo zesikweletu yidiphozithi yesikhathi esinqunyiwe enemigomo emide. Lokhu kuvame ukuba phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-24 kuya kwezingu-48, lapho kufanele uhlale utshale khona imali kulolu hlobo lomkhiqizo wezezimali. Imbuyiselo iphakeme kancane, kodwa hhayi nganoma iyiphi inzuzo ebalulekile. Izinga lenzalo likhuphuka kuphela ngamaphesenti ambalwa uma kuqhathaniswa namadiphozithi esikhathi esifushane. Kulezi zimo, imbuyiselo, okungcono kakhulu, ingafinyelela amazinga asondela ku-2%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikho isidingo sokuthenga eminye imikhiqizo yasebhange. Ngokuphambene nalokho, le mikhiqizo yendabuko kakhulu ngokwedizayini yayo, kanti okuwukuphela kwento entsha isikhathi eside. Izinkokhelo, kwezinye izimo, zingenziwa kusenesikhathi ngezitolimende zekota, zesigamu sonyaka, noma zonyaka esikhundleni sokuzithola sezivuthiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole imali ngokushesha . Leli isu lezentengiselwano amabhange alilandela ngenkuthalo.
Yenzelwe amaphrofayli alondolozayo
Lezi ziphakamiso ezakhiwe amabhange aseSpain zihloselwe kakhulu abasebenzisi abanephrofayili yokutshalwa kwezimali evikela kakhulu noma elondolozayo . Kubo, ukuphepha kokonga kwabo kuza kuqala kunezinye izinto ezicatshangelwayo, okuhlanganisa nokwanda kwenzuzo. Laba ngabantu, ngesizathu esithile noma esinye, abangafisi ukutshala imali yabo emikhiqizweni ehlobene namasheya, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwamanje okuzungezile lezi zimpahla zezimali ngenxa yokungazinzi kwazo kulandela imakethe enkulu engaphela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amadiphozithi asebhange esikhathi esinqunyiwe ahlose ukwakha ukonga unyaka nonyaka esikhathini eside. Aqinisekisa inkokhelo yonyaka enqunyiwe kungakhathaliseki ukuguquguquka kwemakethe. Inzuzo eyengeziwe yale mikhiqizo yezezimali ukuthi ayinazo izimali noma izindleko zokuphatha noma zokulungisa. Ngamanye amazwi, akukho mali ekhokhwayo kusukela ekuqaleni, ngokungafani nokutshala imali ezimakethe zamasheya.
Kungcono ku-inthanethi kunasemagatsheni
Elinye isu elisetshenziswa amabhange ukukhuthaza amadiphozithi aku-inthanethi, kungakhathalekile uhlobo noma igama. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulula kakhulu ukuwasetha, njengoba ungakwenza usekhaya nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungathuthukisa kancane imingcele yakho yokuxhumana, noma ngabe ngamaphesenti ambalwa kuphela. Lokhu kuyisipho esikhula kancane kancane ngenxa yezici zaso ezihlukile. Awudingi ukuvakashela igatsha lasebhange, ngaleyo ndlela ukongela isikhathi enkambisweni yokufaka isicelo.
Esinye isici okufanele usicabangele kulolu hlobo ukuthi luvumelana nanoma yisiphi isikhathi osifisayo; akukho mingcele kulokhu, futhi nguwe ohlaziya iziphakamiso zokuqinisekisa imigomo yesivumelwano. Ungaqhathanisa ngisho nokukhushulwa okunikezwa amabhange ahlukene. Ngempela, kungaba nomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwawo, kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi amanye angase abe nenzuzo enkulu kuneminye kuye ngezici ezahlukahlukene. Ungenza ukuhlaziya okujulile usekhaya lakho noma noma ngabe ukuphi.
Intela yamadiphozithi esikhathi
Esinye isici okufanele usicabangele lapho uhlela umkhiqizo walolu hlobo ngokusemthethweni yimithethonqubo yentela yamanje. Umgomo ukuqonda imbuyiselo yangempela kule mikhiqizo . Imbuyiselo iyonke kanye neyonke ayifani, futhi ukuze kunqunywe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya imiphumela yentela. Ekugcineni, akuzona zonke imbuyiselo ezizongena kwi-akhawunti yakho yokonga. Esikhundleni salokho, ezinye zizodonswa ngenxa yentela ekhokhiswa ekongeni.
Ngalo mqondo, amadiphozithi akhokhiswa intela kusisekelo sentela yokonga futhi athathwa njengemali etholakala enhlokodolobha ehambayo. Ngokutholwa okufika kuma-euro ayizi-6.000, isilinganiso esisetshenzisiwe singama-19%, ama-21% aze afike ku-50.000 euros kanye nama-23%, okuyisilinganiso esiphezulu samanani amakhulu kunama-euro angama-50.000. Lapho lezi zinto sezihlisiwe, imali izosala ezoya ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, noma ngabe kunjalo kuzofanela uyimemezele esitatimendeni sakho semali esilandelayo. Futhi lokho kuzoncika kwenye imali engenayo onayo, ngokwemikhiqizo yokonga kanye naleyo exhunywe kutshalomali. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzodonswa ama-euro ambalwa ngenxa yentela esetshenziswa kulondolozo.