I-Los izimali zokutshala izimali Ama-equities yimikhiqizo esekela amaphothifoliyo abo ekuhwebeni emhlabeni jikelele. Banamathuba amaningi okwenza imali ngokonga ngamamaki enzuzo aphezulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nemali engenayo engaguquki, exubile, noma enye indlela. Kepha ngendlela efanayo, izingozi ongazithola zinamandla kakhulu. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi akumangazi ukulahleka kwemali ebaluleke kakhulu uma ukuthambekela kwezimakethe zamasheya kunganele.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinhle onazo lapho ukhetha le mikhiqizo kungenxa yokuthi okunikezwa ngabaphathi kubanzi kakhulu futhi kuhlukahlukene, ngazo zonke izinhlobo zeziphakamiso, nangamaphrofayili afunwa kakhulu. Ezinye zazo bezingacabangeki kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlule, njengoba ziyimikhiqizo emisha ngempela. Futhi lapho ungafinyelela kuzo kuphela ngezimali zokutshala imali. Zimboza zonke izindawo, kodwa futhi nezitoko, imikhakha kanye nama-stock indices. Akunamkhawulo kuziphakamiso zakho, ezibandakanya ukushintshaniswa kwesitoko okuvela emhlabeni wonke.
Ngaphakathi kwezimali zokutshala imali kunezinhlobo ezimbili ekuhlanganisweni kwayo lokho kungaba nentshisekelo kuwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-static, agcina iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali iminyaka eminingi, ngaphandle kwezinguquko noma ukuguqulwa kumafa wakho wezezimali. Banethuba lokuthi uzokwazi kusukela mzuzu wokuqala lapho utshale khona imali, futhi ngenxa yalolu hlelo lokuhweba, isiqiniseko sokuthi bazosabela kanjani kunoma yisiphi isimo sezomnotho. Banokubikezela phakathi kwabatshalizimali abalondolozayo.
Izimali zokutshala imali eziguqukayo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimali zokutshala imali eziguquguqukayo. Iya ngokufunwa yibo bonke abatshalizimali, hhayi nje ukuzivikela kakhulu. Zibonakala ikakhulukazi ngoba amaphothifoliyo abo aguqulwa ngokuya ngomkhuba wezimakethe zezimali, ngisho nokuhlinzeka ngemali engenayo engaguquki kumikhiqizo uma kunesidingo. Akumangalisi ukuthi lesi sigaba sezimali singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nazo zonke izitayela ezimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba jikelele: i-bullish, i-bearish ngisho ne-lateral. Zonke zimbozwe izinkampani zokuphatha. Futhi ngokususelwa kubo, bavuselela ukwakheka kwabo.
Lolu hlobo lokutshala imali luvumela ababambiqhaza kule mikhiqizo ukuthi bakwazi zivikele ezimweni ze-bearish ezimakethe zokulingana. Ngisho ngokusebenzisa amasu okuqala abenza balulekeke kakhulu ezimweni ezithile. Ukuthi kube yisimo esinamandla amakhulu eminyakeni esanda kwedlula, sikwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwamamodeli amaningi abaphathi bale mikhiqizo yezezimali abebesathuthukisa. Ukuqondiswa ngezikhathi zokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho.
Enye indlela yokuphatha ekhethiwe yilezi Izimali zemali ezibiyelwe. Futhi lokho kungakusiza kakhulu ukukuvikela ekungazinzi kwezinye zezimali zaphesheya, ikakhulukazi i-euro nedola laseMelika. Ngokuqinisekile uzothola izimali eziningi zokutshala imali ezinikeza lesi sici esiyingqayizivele. Futhi uzoba nazo njengenye indlela yokuthuthukisa iphothifoliyo yale mikhiqizo kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Zimboza zonke izikhwama emhlabeni
Kepha uma izimali zokutshala imali eziguquguqukayo zibonakala ngokuthile, kungenxa yokuthi ungakhetha indawo oyongela imali yakho. Kuze kufinyelele ekuhwebelaneni ngamasheya okungalindelekile, ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, noma naseMpumalanga Yurophu. Akukho ukulinganiselwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo ukuze ubhalisele, futhi uma uzotshala imali kubo ezinyangeni ezizayo, usuvele uyazi ukuthi ungaya kunoma iyiphi imakethe yamasheya, noma ngabe kubonakala kukude kangakanani. Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi ukuba khona kwezimakethe zaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kubusa kakhulu kulezi ziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya. Ngisho ukuhlanganisa izindawo ezahlukahlukene esikhwameni esifanayo, njengecebo lokuhweba lokwehlukanisa imali okonga umsebenzisi. Futhi ngale ndlela, zivikele kwizimo ezingavumelani nezintshisekelo zakho.
Uma kunalokho okufunayo imali emazweni asafufusa (IBrazil, India, Mexico, Argentina, South Korea namanye amaningi), ngeke ube nenkinga yokuwathola. Ukunikezwa kugcwele lezi zimali zokutshala imali, ngamamodeli ahlukahlukene ongawabhalisa ngokuya ngezimo zemakethe. Kodwa-ke, bathambekele kakhulu ekuguquguqukeni, ngoba bavame ukukhuphuka kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, behla kakhulu kakhulu.
Izimali ezisuselwa ekuhwebaneni kwamasheya kuzwelonke
Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inhloso yakho ingekona ukushiya imingcele yamazwe, uzoba nokunikezwa okubanzi kakhulu. Ukwazi ukukhetha imikhakha, izinkampani, noma ngabe ufuna lezo ezihambisa izabelo phakathi kwabaninimasheya. Ngenzuzo ephawulekayo kunezinye izimali, futhi lokho amakhomishini akho azoqhudelana kakhulu, bekwazi ukwehlisa amanani abo cishe isigamu sentengo maqondana nezimakethe zomhlaba. Okunye ukunikela kwabo ukuthi uzokwazi ukufinyelela kalula kule mikhiqizo ngenxa yokusondela kwayo, kanye nokuyilandela ngemidiya ekhethekile.
Ngokwakha amamodeli wokuphatha ahlukene, azokwenza isinqumo sakho kube nzima ukusenza. Kuzothatha izinsuku ezimbalwa (noma amasonto) ukunquma ukuthi iziphi ezifanela iphrofayili yakho njengomtshali-zimali omncane. Ngeke-ke kumangaze-ke ukuthi udinga izeluleko zochwepheshe kule mikhiqizo, okunguyena ogcina ezishayela izikhundla zakho ezilinganisweni ngale miklamo.
Yakha iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali
Akunconyelwa ukuthi ukhethe isikhwama esisodwa sokutshala imali, kepha ukhethe okuningana, futhi uma kungenzeka kohlobo oluhlukile, olugcina lakha iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokuvikela ukonga, isimo esihle ukuthi hlanganisa nezinye izimali ezihlukene zokutshala imali. Lapho, khona-ke, imikhiqizo esuselwa kumholo ohleliwe, amamodeli axubekile, noma ezinye izindlela kufanele ingabi khona.
Isilinganiso ku ukwakheka kwayo kuzonqunywa ngokususelwa kuphrofayili oyethula njengesilondolozi: ulaka, ophakathi noma olondolozayo. Futhi lokho kungahluka njalo njengoba izimo zemakethe zishintsha, noma umane ubone ukuthi ukusebenza kwaso akulona olufanele kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho. Iphothifoliyo esekwe kwizimali ezintathu noma ezine ezihlanganyelwe kuzoba yindawo enhle yokuqala ukwenza izimpahla zizuze ngempumelelo enkulu.
Ukwehlukaniswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuzoba umthetho oyisisekelo ezenzweni zakho, njalo bezama ukuthola izimali ezihambelana. Futhi ungaziphindi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo kumaphothifoliyo abo, ngoba uzobe wenza iphutha elijwayelekile kakhulu phakathi kwabatshalizimali: ukuba yingxenye yezimali zokutshala imali ezinezici ezifanayo. Kufanele uyigweme ngazo zonke izindlela uma ungafuni ukuthola isimanga esingesihle kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Usagcina isikhathi, ungakhohlwa.
Izinqumo zokuthuthukisa iphothifoliyo yakho
Ngenxa yezimpawu ezikhethekile zamasheya ngokujwayelekile, ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle kokungenisa uchungechunge lwezenzo ukuvikela izimali zakho zokutshala imali. Futhi ukuzama ukufeza inzuzo enkulu kakhulu, nakuzo zonke izimo zezomnotho. Vele, ngeke kube umsebenzi olula, kepha uma wenza ngokuzimisela, nangesiyalo esincane, nakanjani uzokwazi ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso.
Ukwenza izifiso zakho zigcwaliseke, ngeke sibe khona esinye isixazululo ngaphandle kokulandela uchungechunge lwamathiphu inhloso yawo enkulu ukuhambisa imali oyongile ngezimali zokutshala imali ezincike emalini. Futhi lokho kuzoqala ngokusuka kulezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo esizibhale ngezansi.
- Zama ukusesha ezimakethe zamasheya ngenzuzo ephezulu ezimpahleni zabo zezezimali, isusa kwiphothifoliyo yakho lezo ezidala ukungazinzi okukhulu, noma zibuswa ngqo ngentengo yazo ngokuthambekela okucacile okwehle.
- Phakathi kwezimali eziningana ezinezici ezifanayo, Ngaso sonke isikhathi nquma ukuthi yimaphi amakhomishini aphansi ahlanganisa ezigabeni zayo zesivumelwano. Ingesinye seziqondiso ezinhle kakhulu zokuhambisa kahle utshalomali lwakho.
- Ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle kokulingisa izingozi ozithathayo ngezimali, yize isivuno singaba banzi kakhulu kunesilungisiwe, futhi eminyakeni ethile sifinyelele kuma-40%.
- Bheka ifomethi eguquguqukayo kwizimali, okukuvumela ukuthi usebenze kuzo zonke izimo ezingaba khona, kusukela kulezo ezivumelana kakhulu nezintshisekelo zakho, nalezo ezingavumi kangako, kepha njalo ukuthola imbuyiselo ekusebenzeni kwakho ezimakethe.
- Akuzona zonke izingxoxo ezithandekayo ngokulinganayo (noma eziyingozi), futhi inhloso yakho izoba ne- thola izimakethe zamasheya ezinamandla kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi, okuzodinga ukuguquguquka okukhulu kumamodeli akhethiwe.
- Unganikeli yonke imali oyongele esikhwameni sokutshala imali, kodwa ukuzihlanganisa neminye imikhiqizo ephephile kanye nembuyiselo eqinisekisiwe (idiphozi yethemu, amanothi ezethembiso zebhange, amabhondi, njll.), okuzonikeza ukufana kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshalwa kwemali
- Zama ngazo zonke izindlela ukukhetha lezo zimali zokutshala imali ezi ukuhweba ngaphansi kwemali yakhona (euro), nokuthi ngeke uthole ikhomishini yokushintshaniswa kwemali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukuqukatha izindleko zale mikhiqizo yezezimali.
- Ngokuthola isipho esinamandla kangako, kuzodingeka ukhethe khetha kakhulu ekukhetheni wezimali zokulingana, ufuna amamodeli anenzuzo enkulu. Futhi uma kungenzeka, banamakhomishini ancintisana kakhulu emakethe.
- Unganikeli imali yakho eningi eningi kulesigaba sezimaliKude nezimakethe eziyingozi, njengezimakethe ezisafufusa noma izimakethe ezingaphezulu noma ezingaphansi kakhulu. Uzobeka engcupheni iminikelo yakho ngokweqile.
- Futhi ekugcineni, ungalokothi ukhohlwe ukuthi isikhathi esifanele sokuhlala salesi sigaba semikhiqizo yezezimali Yenzelwe ophakathi nendawo futhi omude. Ngezikhathi ezimfushane kungcono ukuthi ukhethe amanye amadizayini ashesha kakhulu anconyelwe lezi zikhathi. Izimali ezihwebelana ngokushintshaniswa, imakethe yamasheya noma iziqinisekiso ezinye zazo.