Ukutshalwa kwezimali kuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezimpahla zezimali. Eqinisweni, ziningi kangangokuthi ukukhetha efanele kungaba yinselele enkulu yokwenza izinqumo kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Enye impahla enjalo igolide, insimbi eyigugu eyigugu . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwegolide elingokoqobo negolide elibonakalayo noma elephepha. Sizogxila kulokhu okulandelayo ukuze sikunikeze omunye umbono wokuthi ungatshala kuphi imali yakho yokonga . Le ndlela ethile ihilela umbono oyingqayizivele nowangempela mayelana nokuhamba kwale nsimbi ezimakethe zezimali.
Nokho, igolide eliyiphepha noma eliyi-virtual liyigolide ongenalo ngokoqobo kodwa olithola ngezinkontileka, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa ama-derivatives, futhi libonakala emikhiqizweni eyahlukahlukene yezezimali. Ezinye ungase ujwayelene nazo, kanti ezinye ungase uzizwe okokuqala. Kunoma ikuphi, ungase uzidinge ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakho ukuze wenze ibhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola ikhule, ikakhulukazi lapho izimakethe zezimali zingavumi, zibhekene nokwehla kwentengo noma okubi nakakhulu, ukushintshashintsha komkhuba kusuka ku-bullish kuya ku-bearish ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usukulungele ngokugcwele ukutshala imali yakho ekongeni umkhiqizo ohlukile kangaka, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi uhilelani nokuthi ungavula kanjani izikhundla. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, uzoba nethuluzi elisha elinamandla ongalisebenzisa lokuthola insimbi eyigugu engavamile njengegolide. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi igolide liye landa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-40 kulo nyaka , lidlula ezinye izimpahla zezimali ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa nezinkomba ezinkulu zemakethe yamasheya zomhlaba wonke, eziye zakwazi ukudlula u-15% esimweni esihle kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kwegolide
Ukuze uqonde kangcono lokhu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, i-ounce yegolide yayibiza u-$850. Intengo yehla eminyakeni engamashumi amabili eyalandela, yafinyelela ku- $250 nge-ounce ngo-1999 , okuye kwathonya izinqumo zezinkampani zezimayini mayelana nokuhlola okusha. Ngokombono wokunikezwa, ukukhiqizwa kwehle ngo-4% ngo-2004, ukwehla okukhulu kakhulu eminyakeni engu-65 edlule. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani okulindelwe ngo-2010 kubikezela ukwehla okungu-30% ekukhiqizweni kwegolide, into ezobeka ingcindezi ephansi emananini. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa akunawo umswakama kakhulu. Kuthatha iminyaka emine kuya kweyisikhombisa ukuqala ukukhipha igolide uma imayini isisendaweni yayo.
Esinye sezici zendabuko ezibangele ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yegolide kube amabhange amakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha singachazwa amazinga enzalo aphezulu ababhekene nawo. Njengoba ukuba negolide ngokwalo kungalethi nzuzo, amabhange amakhulu ngesikhathi senqubomgomo yezimali evimbelayo ayengathengisa noma aboleke igolide ukuze athole isikweletu samanye amazwe. Amazinga enzalo aphezulu enza izindleko zamathuba okugcina igolide ezindaweni ezigciniwe zibe zinkulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke amabhange ayethambekele ekwandiseni ukunikezwa futhi agcwalise imakethe ngegolide.
Izici zobungozi
Umkhakha wobucwebe, nakuba usabalulekile, ubonakala uncipha ngokwesakhiwo. Ukukhiqiza kwehle kakhulu kusukela ngo-1997 kuya ku-2002, yize kuphinde kwanda eminyakeni yamuva. Kuchazani lokhu kwehla kwakamuva? Kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi kuqhubeke? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kusukela ngo-1997 kuya ku-2003, abathengi abayinhloko begolide lokusetshenziswa kwezokuzijabulisa kwakungamazwe athuthukile. Izinga elithile lokugcwala kwemakethe, okuhambisana nokuqhuma kwebhamuza le-dot-com kanye nobuthakathaka bomnotho wawo, kwanciphisa isidingo.
Ngo-2003, lo mkhuba washintsha ngoba iShayina , kanye neNdiya, baqala ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe ngezinga elikhulu. Lokhu kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwaveza umphumela wengcebo owakhulisa ukusetshenziswa kulezi zindawo ngamasiko acebile kangaka. Uma sikhuluma ngamasiko, isibonelo esimangalisayo singatholakala emkhakheni wenkolo. AmaBuddha egolide enziwa ngeqabunga legolide elifakwa abakhulekeli ukuze limboze uBuddha futhi okumele lishintshwe minyaka yonke.
Izinkampani zezimayini ezigxile egolide
Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi wazi ukuthi izinkampani zezimayini zegolide zihlukaniswa ngokwemigomo emibili. Okokuqala, ngobukhulu, lapho izinkampani ezincane ngokwemvelo zibeka ingozi enkulu kakhulu . Okwesibili, umehluko wenziwa phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabaqhubi. Abaqhubi bathatha ingozi yokuhlola kanye nokumba, kuyilapho abakhiqizi begxila ekucutshungulweni nasekusatshalalisweni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuba nomqondo wokuthi ungayithenga kuphi le mpahla ebalulekile yezezimali emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukudideka, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi imakethe eyinhloko yokuhweba ngegolide, isiliva, nezinye izinsimbi ezingezona eziyigugu (njenge-aluminium, ithusi, i-lead, i-nickel, i-zinc, ne-tin) yi-COMEX. I-Platinum ihlukile, njengoba izimakethe zayo eziyinhloko ziyi-TOCOM (yen) kanye ne -NYMEX . Ungahweba kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu kushintshaniswa, kodwa amakhomishini aphezulu kakhulu kunalawo akhokhiswa ngokuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya.
Nikeza isiko elikhulu lezezimali
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akumelwe ukhohlwe ukuthi uzodinga ulwazi oluthe xaxa lwezezimali ukuze uhwebe ngegolide, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha yiphi indlela yokuhweba kusukela manje kuya phambili. Kusukela kulo mbono ojwayelekile, imakethe yegolide ithonywa kakhulu ukugeleza okukhiqizwa ezimakethe zesikhathi esizayo. Ngenkathi ubudlelwano bukawoyela ongahluziwe bungu-40%, ngegolide, intengo ingachazwa ngo-80% kuya ku-90%. Leli yiqiniso okufanele ulikhumbule uma uhlose ukuthatha izikhundla ezinsukwini ezizayo. Akungabazeki ukuthi lizoba usizo kakhulu ekuhwebeni okwenzayo kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igolide lidala ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekwakhekeni kwentengo yalo. Kusukela kulo mbono, akumangazi ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwamanani alo aphezulu naphansi kakhulu eseshini eyodwa yokuhweba ungadlula u-20%. Lesi yisici esingavamile kwezinye izimpahla zezimali, ikakhulukazi ezimakethe zamasheya, ngisho nangesikhathi seseshini lapho amanani eshintshashintsha kakhulu.
Yebo, le datha izosebenza ikakhulukazi ngomzuzu oqondile lapho uzovula khona izikhala kule nsimbi eyigugu. Ngisho nangaphezulu kokunye ukubhekwa kobuchwepheshe noma okuyisisekelo. Ngoba awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ukutshala imali kwigolide kungenye yezimpawu zabo bonke futhi akubona bonke abasebenzisi abazi ukuthi basebenza kanjani nalesi siphakamiso. Kunoma ikuphi, igolide lingelinye lotshalomali olusemfashini ngenxa yokuvela kwalo kwamanje ezimakethe.
Iminikelo yegolide ebonakalayo
Vele, lolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwemali luthwala uchungechunge lwezici okufanele uzicabangele uma uzothatha izikhundla. Hhayi ize, kuyindlela enobuhlakani obukhulu futhi ezingeni elithile inoveli engadala isimanga esingajwayelekile kusuka manje. Futhi okulandelayo okulandelayo:
- Akunasikhathi lapho uyoba nembuyiselo emisiwe futhi eqinisekisiwe. Kepha kunalokho, kuzoya ngokuthi izimakethe zezimali ziguqukela kanjani. Ngalo mqondo, kuyinto esondele kakhulu ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni amasheya emakethe yamasheya.
- Kuyinto utshalomali olukhethekile oludinga i- ulwazi olukhulu ngezimakethe zezimali. Futhi ikakhulukazi leyo ehlobene nensimbi ephuzi. Ukuze ukwazi ukulungisa ithikithi kuzintengo ezinconywe kakhulu.
- Le misebenzi ayinayo akukho lutho olwenziwa ngegolide elibonakalayo ngoba aqala emibonweni ehluke ngokuphelele. Futhi ngecebo lokutshala imali lokho akuhlangene ngalutho. Kufike ezingeni lokuphikiswa ngokuphelele kusuka kwimvelaphi yabo.
- Awusoze waba nezikhundla zomzimba kule nsimbi eyigugu. Esikhundleni salokho, uzosekela utshalomali lwakho ku amathemba akho okukhula. Njengesibonelo, kuzinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo noma eziphuma kokunye. Ngamandla aphezulu wokubuyekeza. Yize uthatha izingozi eziningi ukwedlula kuze kube manje.
- Ingxenye enhle yeziphakamiso ingenziwa ngemikhiqizo efana ne- izimali zokutshala izimali, ETF, noma kusuka kumamodeli anolaka kakhulu afaka le mpahla ekhetheke kakhulu yezimali.
- Iphepha noma igolide elibonakalayo akuhloselwe wonke amaphrofayili wabatshalizimali. Kepha kuphela kubo bonke abanolwazi olunzulu ngalolu hlobo lokusebenza. Yikuphi empeleni okungezona ezibonakalayo ekukhulelweni kwabo.