Uma udinga ukwazi okwengeziwe ngendlela yokutshala imali egolideni futhi ungaphumeleli emzamweni , kufanele uqedele ukufunda lesi sihloko. Ochwepheshe ngale ndaba bayazi ukuthi ukutshala imali egolideni kuyindlela ephephile ngoba inani layo alilokothi lehle, kanti okuwukuphela kwento embi yisidingo sokugcina igolide emabhange noma ukuligcina eziphepheni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kutshalwa imali kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokwenza kanjalo , ngakho-ke umtshali-zimali uthola ifomula yakhe endleleni ukuze athole okuningi ekutshalweni kwegolide.
Izikhungo zezimali, ohulumeni bezwe, kanye nabatshalizimali abanenzuzo enkulu bavame ukukhetha ukuthenga igolide elingokoqobo, kungaba ngamabha noma izinhlamvu zemali, kodwa kuhlale kukhona ingozi yokwebiwa. Enye indlela engeyona ingozi kakhulu ukusebenzisa izitifiketi zediphozithi , njengoba lezi ziqeda isidingo sokugcina impahla. Ngalezi zindlela, abatshalizimali bathola ubunikazi begolide abalikhokhele ngaphandle kokuba nalo ngokoqobo.
Izikhiye zokutshala imali ngegolide ikakhulukazi:
- Isikhathi
- Isitoreji
- Uketshezi
- Amanani okuthenga
Njengoba umnotho ushintshashintsha muva nje kanye nezinombolo ezibomvu ezibusa izimakethe zamasheya emhlabeni wonke, kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemali engenayo okuzinzile emazingeni aphansi, igolide lisebenza njengendawo ephephile kwezomnotho kanye nokuphepha ngezikhathi zoshintsho.
Intengo yegolide ikhuphuke cishe ngo-15% kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka futhi idlule izinga elimangalisayo lama-$1.200 i-ounce.
Kubatshalizimali abanolwazi, akuyona nje indlela yendabuko engcono kakhulu yokuvikela imali yabo; kodwa futhi isebenza njengendlela ewusizo kakhulu yokushintshashintsha ukutshalwa kwezimali. Manje njengoba siphila esikhathini sokungaqiniseki okukhulu, igolide liyindlela enhle kakhulu ngoba alinawo ubudlelwano nentengo yamasheya noma amabhondi.
Ngaphezu nje kokulindela ukwamukelwa kwesikhathi esifushane kanye nenani laso elibalulekile emhlabeni wezezimali, abatshalizimali ngabanye abazinikela ekutshaleni imali kulo mkhakha banamathuba amaningi okukhetha ukuthi batshala kanjani imali egolideni.
Ukuze ukhethe inketho engcono kakhulu, izihluthulelo zempumelelo zisekubeni nemali eningi, isikhathi, izindleko zokugcina, ukugcinwa kwensimbi, inani elizothengwa, amakhomishini, kanye namaphuzu okuthenga nokuthengisa.
Ukuthengwa kwegolide elibonakalayo.
Kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali ngabanye emhlabeni jikelele . Ochwepheshe batusa igolide elibonakalayo kulabo abathenga isikhathi eside. Esinye seziphazamiso ezinkulu izindleko zokuthenga, ukugcina, kanye nokuvikela , kodwa kunezinkampani ezikhethekile ezinganciphisa kakhulu lezi zindleko.
I-Apmex, i-Auvesta, ne-Lingoro zingabanye babathengisi bezinsimbi eziyigugu abaziwayo kulo mkhakha, njengoba bevumela abatshalizimali abazimele ukuthi bakhe idiphozithi yegolide ebonakalayo evikelekile.
Eziningi zalezi zinkampani zikuvumela ukuthi udlulise noma uthengise igolide noma kuphi emhlabeni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngamanani aqala kugremu elilodwa, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho.
Lezi zinkampani ezizimele nazo zinikeza ngezixazululo inkinga yesitoreji sensimbi.
I-Los abathengisi abakhulu begolide Basungule izivumelwano nezivumelwano nezizwe ngezizwe ezinjengeNorth American Brinks ezinikela ngezindleko zokuncintisana zokuxoxisana ngqo.
Isikhwama Esishintshaniswa Ngezimali
Noma izimali ezihwebelana ngokuhwebelana, zingenye indlela esebenzayo yokuhweba igolide.
Ngalezi ETF, izinkampani zisebenzisa igolide njengempahla eyisisekelo, ziphinda ukunyakaza kwentengo. Ngamafuphi, ama-ETF ayindlela engcono kakhulu yokutshalwa kwezimali kwegolide yesikhathi esifushane kanye nalabo abakhetha ukuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo lapho amanani ebhondi namasheya ehla. Aqinisekisa ukucaca okuphelele futhi aqeda isidingo sokutshala imali nokuphatha ukuthengwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokugcinwa kwegolide elingokoqobo. Ezinye zezinkampani ezidumile kakhulu ezinikeza lolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali yi-ZKB Gold kanye ne-SPDR Gold Shares.
Izimali zokutshala imali
Nakuba ukuhlangana kwayo nentengo yamanje yegolide kuphakeme kancane, ikude kakhulu namazinga engozi ahilelekile ekuthengeni igolide ngokoqobo. Le mikhiqizo yenzelwe ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezisebenza ekumbeni igolide, ngakho ukusebenza kwayo kuncike nasezicini zangaphandle, njengendawo lapho kuhlelwa khona ukukhishwa kwegolide noma ikhwalithi yokuphathwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyindlela ecatshangelwayo kakhulu, kodwa enenzuzo ephezulu.
Izitifiketi kanye neziqinisekiso
Kubatshalizimali abathuthukile nabanolwazi, kunezitifiketi namawaranti. Lezi zitifiketi ziyimikhiqizo ethengiswayo e-stock exchange ephinda intengo yempahla. E-Madrid Stock Exchange, isibonelo, kuhwetshwa umkhiqizo we-Société Générale ohlala ubhekiselwa ku-troy ounce yegolide, iyunithi yamazwe ngamazwe yokubeka intengo yegolide emakethe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuneziwaranti, ezivumela ukuhweba nge-leverage.
Amathiphu wokuthenga igolide
Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uthenga igolide ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lihlanzekile, uma ucabanga ukuthi i-999 iyona ephezulu kakhulu, futhi, uma iyi-ingot, inophawu oluqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, njenge-S emsaJoyerÃa PlaterÃa , okuwukuphela kwereferensi yaseSpain enesitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe sokuthengiswa kwezingcezu zegolide.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthola i-invoyisi, njengoba kungadingeki ngokomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi kuyindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa imvelaphi yensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma insimbi iyizingcezu ezincane, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ifake isitifiketi esivela enkampanini ekhiqizayo esibonisa isisindo, ubucwebe, uhlobo, inombolo kamazisi, kanye nosuku lokwenziwa.
Ngokuphathelene nesisindo, kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe njalo ukuthi uma inani likhulu, kulapho uvame ukukhokha khona igremu ngayinye yegolide , ngakho-ke kunconywa kakhulu ukuthenga ama-ingot angamagremu ayi-100, 500 noma ayi-1.000.
Ukuthenga Izinhlamvu zemali
Njengesiqalo, izinhlamvu zemali zithola inani lazo eliphelele ngokungeza amanani amabili : inani lensimbi eziqukethe, kungaba igolide noma isiliva, kanye nenani lazo le-numismatic. Izinhlamvu zemali ezisezingeni eliphezulu noma ezibalulekile emlandweni zinephesenti eliphezulu lenani le-numismatic, okwenza zibe inketho engafaneleki kakhulu kumtshali-zimali osafufusa; lezi ngokuvamile zitholwa ngabaqoqi noma ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha.
Ukuze uqedele ngempumelelo ukuthenga, kufanele uxhumane nabathengisi abangochwepheshe . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kuthengiselana kuvame ukubiza kakhulu, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kohlamvu lwemali kuvame ukukhokhiswa. Futhi kulula kakhulu kumthengisi ongenasimilo, abaningi babo kuleli bhizinisi, ukuthengisa izinhlamvu zemali ngenani eliphansi legolide ngaphandle kokuthi umthengi aqaphele.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, kubalulekile ukuthi umthengi aqaphele ukuthi i- Troy ounce ilingana namagremu angu-31,10 egolide elihle futhi akhokhele umthengisi ngegolide eliqukethwe uhlamvu lwemali, hhayi ngesisindo salo sonke.
Inketho ephephile kakhulu lapho utshala imali ezinhlamvini zegolide yiKrugerrand yaseNingizimu Afrika , enesisindo esingamagremu angu-33 futhi equkethe amagremu angu-31,10 egolide elihle, okwenza kube ukutshalwa kwezimali okungenayo ingozi yokulahlekelwa.
Ezinye izinhlamvu zemali ezinconywayo, kokubili ngenxa yobumsulwa bazo kanye nenani lazo emakethe, kungaba yi-Chinese Panda, i-American Eagle, i-Canadian Maple Leaf, i-Australian Lunar Calendar, i-Mexican Centenario, i-Austrian Philharmonic, noma i-English Britannia, njengoba zithengiswa ngamanani afanayo negolide futhi zenziwa yizinkampani zamazwe ahlukene ezinhlamvu zemali, ngaleyo ndlela ziqinisekisa ukuthi ziyiqiniso.
Igolide elizayo
Enye yezinzuzo igolide elizinikezayo ekukhuleni komnotho esikhathini esizayo ukuthi ukusabalala phakathi kwentengo yokuthenga nokuthengisa kuncane kakhulu. Intengo esingathenga ngayo igolide iphakeme kancane kunentengo esingalithengisa ngayo. Uma lo mehluko mncane, kulapho ithuba lokuthenga noma ukuthengisa igolide olitholile liba ngcono khona.
Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa abadayisi besikhashana. Kunzima ukuqonda kahle futhi kufanele wazi kakhulu izinsuku zokuzivocavoca, izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi nezinguquko ezizenzekelayo emalini yokushintshanisa.
Izimali zokutshala imali ezitshala amasheya ezinkampani zezimayini:
Lokhu kukholakala ukuthi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu kumtshalizimali ngamunye ofuna ukungena ebhizinisini legolide, ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphansi okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ungene nini futhi uphume nini emakethe. Akuyona indlela elula yokutshalwa kwezimali ngoba lezi zinhlobo zezinkampani zivame ukuba nezikhathi ezimfushane zokuphila futhi zibhekana nokuguquguquka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwazo kanye nentengo yesitoko.
Lezi zinhlobo zezimali ziyingozi kakhulu kunesikhwama sokutshala imali esivamile esitshala imali ku-IBEX 35 noma ku-Eurostoxx 50 , isibonelo. Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukuthi lezi zimali zinomngcipheko wokuguquguquka kwemali, esingawusebenzisa ukuze sizuze noma ngokumelene nathi.