Izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zaseSpain ziqophe ukuqala kwazo okuhle kakhulu konyaka, ngenzuzo ehlanganisiwe engu-3,3% ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala, ngokusho kombiko wakamuva ovela kwi-Spanish Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco). Lo mbiko uqokomisa ukuthi izimpahla eziphelele zokutshalwa kwezimali okuhlangene (izimali nezinkampani) zikhuphuke ngo-€3.478 billion ngoFebhuwari, zafinyelela ku-€463.352 billion, okumele ukwenyuka ngo-0,6% uma kuqhathaniswa noJanuwari.
Ngokusho kwalolu cwaningo, ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zonyaka, inani lempahla lenyuke ngo-1,8%. Inani lama-akhawunti abatshalizimali lifinyelele ku-14.836.455 phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okumele ukwehla ngo-0,4% uma kuqhathaniswa noDisemba 2018. UFebhuwari uqhubeke nomkhuba omuhle kusukela ngoJanuwari, ngezinzuzo ezimakethe zamasheya ezivumele izikhwama zokutshalwa kwezimali zasekhaya ukuthi zibhalise ukuqala kwazo okuhle konyaka ngokwembuyiselo erekhodiwe.
Ngakho-ke, inani lempahla likhuphuke ngoFebhuwari ngama-€2.373 billion (0,8% ngaphezu kwenyanga edlule), lafinyelela kuma-€264.491 billion. Lokhu kukhula kwenani lempahla kungenxa yokusebenza kahle kwemakethe phakathi naleso sikhathi, kusizwa ukuziphatha kwemali engenayo , okwathi, ngemva kwezinyanga eziningana zokuhlengwa, kwaguqula umkhuba wezinyanga ezedlule, kwabonisa umphumela omuhle kancane ngokubhalisa okuphelele kwama-€49 million kule nyanga.
Ukulinganisela okuhle kwezimali
Zonke izigaba zezikhwama zokutshalwa kwezimali zibhekane nokukhula kwezimpahla ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwamasheya asekhaya kanye nezikhwama zokubuyisa ngokuphelele , ezathintwa kabi yizinzuzo ngaphakathi kwezigaba zazo, naphezu kokusebenza kwazo okuhle phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ukukhula kwezimpahla zezikhwama ezixubile nakho bekukuhle. Ngokukhethekile, izikhwama zezabelo ezixubile zanda ngo-€263 million kanye nezikhwama zengeniso ezihlanganisiwe ezinqunyelwe ngo-€269 million.
Kunoma ikuphi, njengoba izinyanga zasehlobo zisondela ngokushesha, yisikhathi esihle sokuba abalondolozi baphinde balinganise amaphothifoliyo abo ezimali zokutshalwa kwezimali. Isu lapha lisekelwe ekuhlinzekeni ukuphepha okukhulu kwezikhundla zabatshalizimali kulezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo yezezimali. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kubhekwa ukwanda kwamuva kwezimakethe zamasheya zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokulindela ukulungiswa okukhulu kwamanani engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Lokhu kulungiswa kungabonakala ngisho nakakhulu, kuye ngemicimbi yemakethe.
Hlukanisa izimpahla zezimali
Esinye sezihluthulelo zokuvikela ukonga kwethu ekungazinzini okungenzeka ezimakethe zezimali sisekuhlukaniseni iphothifoliyo yethu . Lokhu kusho ukuhlanganisa izimpahla zezimali ezahlukene ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kokutshalwa kwezimali. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukuhlanganisa amasheya nezibambiso zemali engenayo egxilile. Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa ubungozi, ngisho naphakathi kwezinye izinto ezicatshangelwayo. Isilinganiso kufanele sihambisane nephrofayili yethu yabatshalizimali njengabatshalizimali abancane noma abaphakathi nendawo: abalondolozayo, abanolaka, noma abalinganiselayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukela lolu hlelo lokuphatha ezikhwameni zokutshalwa kwezimali kusenza sikwazi ukusizakala ngazo zonke izimo ezingaba khona ezimakethe zezimali. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe, futhi mhlawumbe nangombono oyisisekelo, kungaba isu elihle kakhulu lokubhekana nesigaba sokugcina salo nyaka onzima. Ngeke sibe nakukhetha ngaphandle kokudlulisela izimali kusuka kwezinye ziye kwezinye ezifanele kakhulu lesi sikhathi esisha esiqale kuleli hlobo.
Bamba amathuba
Akufanele siphuthelwe yithuba lokutshala imali ezikhwameni eziqukethe amaphothifoliyo ezimali ahlukile athengiswa kahle njengamanje. Ngokukhethekile, sibhekisela ezimakethe zezimpahla nezinsimbi eziyigugu. Zombili bezilokhu zikhuphuka izinyanga eziningana futhi zinikeza amathuba amakhulu okukhula kunezimpahla zezimali zendabuko noma ezivamile. Eqinisweni, lezi zimali zingase zikhiqize imbuyiselo engcono ekutshalweni kwethu imali.
Kunoma ikuphi, asinakho okunye ngaphandle kokukhetha kakhulu kusukela manje, uma sibheka ukukhetha okuncane kwalezi zimali zokutshala imali. Azikho imikhiqizo eminingi ethengiswayo enezici ezinjalo, futhi ivame ukuba nezindleko eziphakeme kunezinye izinketho. Izindlela zethu zokukhetha kumele zibe nzima kakhulu, zidinga ukuhlaziywa okujulile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ziyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zethu zokutshala imali. Phela, asijwayelene kakhulu nokuhweba ngalezi zimali, ngakho-ke le nqubo idinga isikhathi esengeziwe nokuzinikela. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukutshalwa kwezimali kwethu.
Ezimalini zemali
Izimali zemakethe yemali ziphephile impela, futhi akekho ophikisa lokho. Kodwa-ke, imbuyiselo ezinikezayo njengamanje cishe icishe ibe yi-zero noma imbi kancane, okwenza zingabi nenzuzo yokutshala imali kuzo ngalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga enzalo asezingeni eliphansi emlandweni we-Eurozone, futhi lo mkhuba awubonakali ungashintsha okungenani unyaka noma emibili. Ngakho-ke, izikhundla zethu ezikhwameni zemakethe yemali zizoba zincane , ngenhloso yokuzivikela ekusebenzeni kwezinye izimpahla zezimali ezakha izimali ezimelelwe kuphothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimali zemakethe yemali kufanele zibhekwe njengezengezo kwezinye izimali ezitshaliwe, hhayi utshalomali oluyinhloko. Lokhu kuyinto okungafanele siyikhohlwe uma sifuna ukugwema izimanga ezingathandeki kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kukhona ingozi esobala ehilelekile ekutshalweni kwemali ngaphandle kwe-euro. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, imbuyiselo ingaba yimbi ekugcineni, okusho ukuthi singalahlekelwa kulolu hlobo lwezimali ezitshaliwe, njengoba kwenzeka njengamanje.
Ukuphatha okusebenzayo noma okungenzi lutho?
Izimali eziphethwe ngokunganaki ziphinde zathola ukubhaliswa okuhle ngoFebhuwari (€134 million) futhi seziqongelele cishe ama-€327 million ekungeneni kwemali kulo nyaka. Ngakho-ke yisikhathi esifanele sokuhlaziya ukuthi ukuphathwa okunganaki kufaneleka kangcono yini ezikhwameni zethu zokutshala imali esikhathini esizayo, noma ukuthi ukuphathwa okusebenzayo kungaba nenzuzo enkulu yini. Lokhu kokugcina kunenzuzo enkulu yokuzivumelanisa nezimo kuzo zonke izimo zemakethe yezezimali, ngisho nezimbi kakhulu . Kulokhu, abanye abahlaziyi bezimakethe zezimali bathanda kakhulu izinhlobo ezithile zokuphathwa kwezimali zokutshala imali kunezinye.
Ngaphakathi kwemodeli ngayinye yokutshalwa kwezimali, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ezinezici ezihluke kakhulu ezingafanela iphrofayili yethu njengabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuzifuna, futhi uma kungenzeka, khetha eyodwa enezinga lezimali esingazilawula kangcono ngaphakathi kwesabelomali sethu somuntu siqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lokuphatha luzonqunywa nayisimo sangempela sezimakethe zezimali ngesikhathi sokuvula lo mkhiqizo wokonga. Kunezimali ezisukela ezikhwameni zezabelo kuya kwezinye izindlela zokutshalwa kwezimali, ezinezinhlobonhlobo eziye zaphawuleka eminyakeni yamuva.
Kususelwa ezimakethe zase-Europe
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe yindawo lapho ibekwe khona, njengoba izimali zomhlaba wonke nazo zenze kahle ngoFebhuwari ngesikhathi esihlaziyiwe, zandisa izimpahla zazo ngo-€525 million. Lokhu kungaba yindlela efanelekile yokunciphisa ubungozi ngalo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Esikhundleni sokugxila emakethe eyodwa, njenge-Spanish stock market index, i- Ibex 35 , akunconywa ukufaka yonke imali yakho oyilondolozile ebhasikidini elilodwa. Ukwehlukahlukana kuyathandwa, okungafaka imali engenayo engaguquki, amamodeli okutshala imali ahlukile, ngisho nezindlu ezithile, uma kungenzeka. Umgomo ukufeza ukwehlukahlukana okukhulu kwiphothifoliyo yakho yokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungcono ukwenza imisebenzi ezimakethe zase-Europe ngaphambi kwe-United States ngoba bakhule kancane eminyakeni yamuva. Ngakho-ke, ukulungiswa kwayo kuzobonakala kunciphe kakhulu futhi kunethuba eliphakeme lokubuyekeza kumasheya ayo. Ngokombono, kungcono ukukhetha lezi zimakethe ekucushweni kwezimali zokutshala imali ezixhunywe kwizimali. Lapho zingasekelwa ezinye izimpahla zezezimali zohlobo nesimo esihlukile Noma kuzo zonke izimo, ngeke kube nokukhetha ngaphandle kokukhetha kakhulu lapho ukhetha izibambiso ezizokwakha ubhasikidi wamasheya ezimali zokutshala imali.